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. 2022 Apr 1;18(4):1103–1111. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.9812

Table 3.

Unadjusted means, adjusted means from one-way analysis of covariane, and pairwise comparisons of diabetes-related distress for type of sleep disorder.

OSA Insomnia OSA+I F (2, 210) Difference in Adjusted Means (95% CI)
n = 68 n = 103 n = 49 OSA+I vs OSA Insomnia vs OSA OSA+I vs Insomnia
M (SD) Madj (SE) M (SD) Madj (SE) M (SD) Madj (SE)
Diabetes-related distress 24.21 (17.31) 30.97 (2.82) 34.86 (21.62) 35.42 (2.14) 38.75 (22.15) 40.61 (2.89) 3.40a 9.65 (0.73 to 18.57)b 4.46 (−3.41 to 12.32) 5.19 (−3.08 to 13.46)

Covariates are age, sex, education level, race, marital status, financial hardship, and restless legs syndrome. Age appearing in the model was evaluated as 57.26 years. aStatistically significant effect of sleep disorder on diabetes-related distress, P < .05. bStatistically significant difference obtained by Bonferroni posthoc pairwise comparison. CI = confidence interval, M = mean, Madj = adjusted mean, n = number of participants in group, OSA = obstructive sleep apnea, OSA+I = comorbid obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia, SD = standard deviation, SE = standard error.