Table 5.
Association between OSA and cognitive disorders.
| CIND (n = 3,446) | Dementia (n = 1,065) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusteda | Adjustedb | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | Adjustedb | |
| High vs low OSA risk | 1.21 (1.09, 1.34) | 1.22 (1.08, 1.37) | 1.18 (1.05, 1.33) | 1.12 (0.94, 1.34) | 1.27 (1.04, 1.54) | 1.21 (0.99, 1.48) |
| Age | 1.05 (1.05, 1.06) | 1.06 (1.06, 1.07) | 1.07 (1.06, 1.07) | 1.11 (1.10, 1.12) | 1.11 (1.10, 1.12) | 1.11 (1.10, 1.13) |
| Race/ethnicityc | ||||||
| Black | 2.90 (2.59, 3.27) | 2.99 (2.62, 3.41) | 3.14 (2.75, 3.59) | 3.29 (2.75, 3.92) | 3.97 (3.19, 4.93) | 4.20 (3.37, 5.24) |
| Hispanic | 2.65 (2.19, 3.21) | 3.19 (2.57, 3.95) | 3.27 (2.63, 4.06) | 2.89 (2.16, 3.88) | 5.75 (4.10, 8.06) | 5.86 (4.23, 8.18) |
| Otherd | 1.28 (1.02, 1.61) | 2.07 (1.62, 2.65) | 2.13 (1.66, 2.73) | 0.84 (0.54, 1.31) | 2.06 (1.28, 3.32) | 2.15 (1.33, 3.47) |
| Education | ||||||
| College | 0.27 (0.23, 0.31) | 0.37 (0.32, 0.44) | 0.37 (0.32, 0.44) | 0.16 (0.12, 0.22) | 0.29 (0.21, 0.40) | 0.30 (0.22, 0.41) |
| Above college | 0.16 (0.12, 0.21) | 0.22 (0.17, 0.28) | 0.22 (0.17, 0.28) | 0.20 (0.13, 0.32) | 0.37 (0.23, 0.60) | 0.38 (0.23, 0.61) |
| Married | 0.54 (0.49, 0.60) | 0.85 (0.76, 0.95) | 0.89 (0.80, 0.99) | 0.31 (0.26, 0.36) | 0.66 (0.55, 0.80) | 0.70 (0.58, 0.85) |
| Diabetes | 1.54 (1.38, 1.71) | 1.10 (0.88, 1.12) | 1.80 (1.52, 2.12) | 1.00 (0.84, 1.20) | ||
| Depression | 1.49 (1.33, 1.67) | 1.54 (1.36, 1.74) | 1.53 (1.29, 1.81) | 1.67 (1.38, 2.01) | ||
| Smoking | 0.99 (0.92, 1.07) | 1.28 (1.17, 1.40) | 1.27 (1.17, 1.39) | 0.77 (0.68, 0.86) | 1.31 (1.14, 1.51) | 1.30 (1.13, 1.50) |
| Alcohol | 0.62 (0.59, 0.66) | 0.81 (0.76, 086) | 0.81 (0.76, 0.86) | 0.41 (0.37, 0.46) | 0.63 (0.56, 0.71) | 0.64 (0.57, 0.72) |
| Physical activitye | 0.88 (0.87, 0.90) | 0.95 (0.94, 0.97) | 0.96 (0.94, 0.97) | 0.72 (0.69, 0.76) | 0.84 (0.80, 0.87) | 0.85 (0.81, 0.88) |
Cross-sectional association (adjusted prevalence odds ratio and 95% confidence interval) between OSA risk (exposure) and CIND or dementia (outcome) (imputed dataset). aAdjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol, and physical activity. bAdjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, diabetes, and depression. cWhite is the reference. dIncludes American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and other race/ethnicity. eAccounted for mild, moderate, and vigorous activities. Ranged from 0 to 16.33. CIND = cognitive impairment not dementia, OSA = obstructive sleep apnea.