Fig. 3 |. Benchmarking printed all-carbon TFT performance against other printed transistors.

a, Width-normalized on-current plotted against drain–source voltage for different TFTs. b, Width-normalized on-current plotted against gate voltage. Colours represent transistor types (both semiconducting material and gating scheme). CNT-TFTs use a semiconducting CNT channel, organic TFTs (OTFTs) use an organic semiconductor channel and iGZO is indium gallium zinc oxide. ion-gel-based transistors use a solid electrolyte as the dielectric. Shapes represent processing technique, with circles indicating fully printed transistors and triangles representing transistors that utilize cleanroom techniques in at least some of the processing. Finally, data points with a border are transistors on a paper substrate. Data for other TFTs can be found in Supplementary Table 1.