Table 2.
Characteristics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Women
| Characteristic | Women Tested, No. | cART-Naive Women | Women Tested, No. | cART-Experienced Women | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline maternal | |||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 21 | 29 (3) | 90 | 30 (6) | .18 |
| BMI, mean (SD)a | 21 | 26.70 (4.58) | 90 | 24.37 (3.87) | .02 |
| Obstetric | |||||
| GA, mean (SD), wk | 21 | 19 (4) | 90 | 20 (4) | .47 |
| HIV infection | |||||
| CD4+ T-cell count, mean (SD), cells/µL | 21 | 264 (195) | 90 | 438 (194) | <.001 |
| HIV diagnosis before conception, no. (%) | 21 | 2 (9.5) | 90 | 69 (78.4) | <.001 |
| Detectable viral load, (>20 log10 HIV RNA copies/mL plasma), no. (%) | 19 | 16 (84.2) | 79 | 30 (38.0) | .001 |
| Viral load, mean (SD), log10 HIV RNA copies/mL plasma | 16 | 4.5 (0.8) | 30 | 3.0 (1.2) | <.001 |
| Duration of cART no. (%) | |||||
| None | 21 | NA | .58 | ||
| <1 mo | 0 | 9 (10.0) | |||
| 1–6 mo | 0 | 9 (10.0) | |||
| >6 mo | 0 | 72 (80.0) | |||
| First-line cART regimen, (%) | 21 | 21 (100) | 90 | 89 (99) | <.001 |
| Immune activation, mean (SD), %b | |||||
| Baseline | 21 | 57.0 )16.2) | 90 | 35.5 (17.0) | <.001 |
| Third trimester | 21 | 47.0 (19.8) | 90 | 36.1 (13.7) | .003 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; GA, gestational age; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NA, not applicable; SD, standard deviation.
aBMI is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
bImmune activation is expressed as the percentage of CD8+CD3+ T cells expressing CD38 and HLA-DR.