Table 4.

VBNC Lm in agri-food industrial conditions.

Lm strains	Tested conditions	Incubation time	References
Scott A	Sewage sludge, at 20°C, 6 log CFU/mL	2, 5, 9 and 17 days	Wery et al., 2006
EGDe, EGDe-GFP LmP60	Parsley leaves under low relative humidity (47–69%) 7 log CFU/mL (high inoculum) 4.5 log CFU/mL (low inoculum)	2 and 15 days	Dreux et al., 2007
Endogenous strains	Cattle feedlot manures and compost, stored at 4 °C in the dark	112 days	Klein et al., 2011
Endogenous strains	Samples of RTE foods of vegetal origin from market		Moreno et al., 2012
ATCC19112	Cheese samples of long-ripened hard cheese, at 6°C, 6-7 log CFU/g	90 days	Olszewska et al., 2015
A strain isolated from pig manure	Nine piggery effluents		Desneux et al., 2016
CCL 500	Lm cultured in smoked salmon juice or meat exudate, at 25°C, 3 log CFU/mL	48 hours	Overney et al., 2016
Rifampicin-resistant mutant obtained from CIP110870 (isolated from pig manure)	Digestates from agricultural biogas plants, at 24°C, 6-7 log CFU/mL	40 days	Maynaud et al., 2016
Scott A-GFP	Spinach leaves washed in chlorinated water, 6 log CFU/mL	2 minutes	Highmore et al., 2018
3-strain cocktail (FS2025, FS2030, FS2061)	Rinse water of spinach or romaine lettuce leaves (untreated or chlorinated or peracetic-treated water), 6 log CFU/mL	30 seconds	Gu et al., 2020
6-strain cocktail	Chlorine-treated process wash water from washing shredded lettuce, 5 log CFU/mL	30 seconds + 1 and 3 hours	Truchado et al., 2020
Endogenous strains	Environmental samples collected in smoked salmon processing plants		Brauge et al., 2020
Endogenous strains	Samples of ready-to-eat (RTE) salad, incubated at 4, 12 or 16°C	Up to 8 days	Bernardo et al., 2021

Studies are listed by publication date in the References column.