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. 2022 Feb 26;11:51. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_183_21

Table 4.

Mean of Pender’s health promotion model structures based on fruit and vegetable consumption

Structures Mean±SD of fruit consumption (weekly) Mean±SD of vegetable consumption (weekly)


Once and less Two times Three times and more P Once and less Two times Three times and more P
Perceived benefits 81.6±17.3 83.2±13.9 86±15.3 0.133 82.1±17.4 81.8±15.7 87.5±14.1 0.017
Perceived obstacles 47.8±16.8 44.8±18.9 31.1±21.05 <0.001 46.3±19.5 39.3±18.4 28.4±20.5 <0.001
Self-efficacy 43.3±21.6 44.4±19.4 64.7±21.8 <0.001 43.1±20.01 51.4±19.4 69.8±20.6 <0.001
Interpersonal norms 64.9±18.7 64.07±17.8 65.7±19.7 0.886 62.8±21.8 60.6±19.04 68.5±17.5 0.886
Interpersonal patterns 67.2±17.1 61.2±13.6 66.2±15.07 0.165 65.3±18.1 61.05±14.01 67.6±13.8 0.035
Situational influencers 51.4±34.2 39.9±27.1 50.4±31.4 0.182 46.07±34.8 47.1±29.7 51.6±30.2 0.410
Emotions related to behavior 64.4±14.9 67.3±11.9 68.3±11.8 0.313 63.5±15.4 65.6±14.2 70.5±8.5 0.011
Commitment to action 47.8±16.8 32.7±31.2 65.9±31.3 <0.0001 35.5±30.7 35.1±29.01 63.8±27.9 <0.0001

SD=Standard deviation