Table 1. Four-way contingency table from the cross-classification of Country and Discipline, based on Gender and Time period.

Gender		Discipline						Total
Time period		Ch	Ec	Li	Me	Pc	Ph
Males 1901–1940	CA	0	0	0	2	0	0	2
	FR	5	0	7	4	0	5	21
	DE	16	0	5	9	3	11	44
	IT	0	0	2	1	1	2	6
	RU	0	0	1	2	0	0	3
	BI	6	0	3	7	5	10	31
	US	3	0	2	4	6	6	21
	Total	30	0	20	29	15	34	128
1941–1980	CA	1	0	1	1	1	0	4
	FR	1	0	5	6	0	2	14
	DE	10	0	2	9	4	9	34
	IT	1	0	2	3	0	1	7
	JP	0	0	1	0	1	3	5
	RU	2	1	3	0	2	7	15
	BI	15	4	3	12	2	11	47
	US	21	9	7	48	8	39	132
	Total	51	14	24	79	18	72	258
1981–2018	CA	5	4	1	3	0	4	17
	FR	7	3	4	2	1	6	23
	DE	4	1	1	8	0	13	27
	IT	0	1	1	1	0	2	5
	JP	7	0	2	5	0	8	22
	RU	0	1	0	0	1	5	7
	BI	10	7	4	16	4	7	48
	US	53	51	2	43	4	54	207
	Total	86	68	15	78	10	99	356
Females 1901–1940	FR	2	0	0	0	7	1	10
	IT	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
	US	0	0	1	0	1	0	2
	Total	2	0	2	0	8	1	13
1941–1980	FR	0	0	0	0	4	0	4
	DE	0	0	1	0	0	1	2
	BI	1	0	0	0	4	0	5
	US	0	0	0	2	1	1	4
	Total	1	0	1	2	9	2	15
1981–2018	CA	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
	FR	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
	DE	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
	IT	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
	BI	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
	US	1	1	1	6	1	0	10
	Total	1	1	3	8	1	1	15