TABLE 4:
Diagnosis Performance Statistics on Artificial Intelligence and MRI for PI-RADS Category Thresholds: Transition Zone Lesions
| PI-RADS Threshold for Performance Metric Evaluation | AI |
MRI |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Reader Experience Level |
Overall | Reader Experience Level |
|||||
| Low | Moderate | High | Low | Moderate | High | |||
| PI-RADS ≥ 1 | ||||||||
| Sensitivity (%) | 61.8 (53.9–70.1)a | 48.1 (34.9–61.9) | 67.2 (54.2–80.4) | 70.0 (60.8–80.1)a | 50.8 (42.3–61.2)a | 40.3 (6.3–28.6) | 58.1 (45.3–72.3) | 54.1 (42.7–67.8)a |
| PPV (%) | 34.4 (29.6–39.9) | 39.9 (29.8–50.8) | 28.5 (21.6–37.3) | 34.7 (28.4–41.7) | 57.7 (50.3–64.3) | 61.4 (7.6–44.9) | 53.6 (43.9–63.6) | 58.0 (47.2–68.9) |
| PI-RADS ≥ 2 | ||||||||
| Sensitivity (%) | 61.8 (53.9–70.1)a | 48.1 (34.9–61.9) | 67.2 (54.2–80.4) | 70.0 (60.8–80.1)a | 50.8 (42.3–61.2)a | 40.3 (6.3–28.6) | 58.1 (45.3–72.3) | 54.1 (42.7–67.8)a |
| PPV (%) | 34.5 (29.7–40.0) | 39.9 (29.8–50.8) | 28.5 (21.6–37.3) | 35.0 (28.5–42.1) | 58.2 (50.8–64.8) | 62.2 (7.6–45.7) | 54.3 (44.8–64.4) | 58.0 (47.2–68.9) |
| PI-RADS ≥ 3 | ||||||||
| Sensitivity (%) | 53.0 (44.8–62.8) | 44.3 (32.7–57.4) | 61.1 (48.4–75.4) | 53.5 (41.4–66.6) | 49.4 (41.2–59.8) | 39.1 (6.4–27.2) | 56.1 (43.0–70.8) | 52.9 (41.7–66.7) |
| PPV (%) | 46.2 (40.7–52.9) | 41.3 (30.9–52.9) | 42.1 (34.3–50.7) | 55.2 (45.5–65.4) | 64.6 (58.9–70.7) | 67.7 (5.1–57.6) | 57.8 (47.9–67.7) | 68.4 (58.9–78.5) |
| PI-RADS ≥ 4 | ||||||||
| Sensitivity (%) | 41.8 (33.8–51.1) | 35.3 (25.5–46.4) | 51.0 (38.4–65.5) | 38.9 (28.2–50.8) | 42.0 (34.2–51.5) | 34.1 (5.7–23.7) | 47.0 (34.9–61.4) | 45.0 (33.5–58.3) |
| PPV (%) | 64.9 (57.3–73.1) | 51.7 (38.2–66.2) | 66.5 (55.9–77.4) | 76.5 (64.7–88.4) | 74.6 (68.6–81.0) | 73.6 (5.7–62.6) | 63.2 (51.9–74.3) | 87.1 (79.4–94.6) |
| PI-RADS ≥ 5 | ||||||||
| Sensitivity (%) | 23.9 (16.8–32.4) | 26.4 (16.5–37.0) | 24.2 (14.9–35.3) | 21.1 (11.3–33.1) | 25.0 (17.5–34.5) | 22.5 (5.3–13.3) | 28.3 (18.5–40.1) | 24.4 (13.8–36.6) |
| PPV (%) | 86.6 (79.3–94.4) | 86.7 (76.2–100) | 82.2 (63.9–97.0) | 91.1 (81.5–100) | 86.4 (77.8–93.8) | 86.5 (7.1–70.3) | 81.0 (63.9–96.3) | 91.7 (83.3–100) |
Note—Values in parentheses are 95% CI. AI = artificial intelligence, PI-RADS = Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System, PPV = positive predictive value.
a
p < 0.01.