Table 1.
Values Measured in the Control, GS, and PIBDS Groups
| Parameter | Control | GS | PIBDS | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | 72 | 89 | 68 | ||
| Male/Female | 35/37 | 39/50 | 27/41* | –Δ | .56 |
| Age (years) | 46.46 ± 8.58 | 51.6 ± 14.92 | 55.9 ± 13.01* | 2.40 | .36 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.75 ± 3.69 | 23.12 ± 3.51* | 20.12 ± 2.36# | 10.43 | .04 |
| Leptin (μg/L) | 5.15 ± 0.33 | 8.78 ± 0.38* | 4.78 ± 0.33# | 41.28 | .01 |
| ALT (U/L) | 21.48 ± 1.05 | 28.88 ± 1.07 | 43.01 ± 4.93*# | 5.05 | .00 |
| AST (U/L) | 19.32 ± 1.04 | 29.81 ± 1.24 | 50.21 ± 5.99*# | 6.33 | .00 |
| TBA (μmol/L) | 3.90 ± 0.23 | 5.00 ± 0.34 | 10.37 ± 1.75*# | 2.62 | .09 |
| TBIL (μmol/L) | 12.54 ± 0.57 | 13.76 ± 0.73 | 22.36 ± 2.35*# | 3.13 | .00 |
| DBIL (μmol/L) | 3.81 ± 0.21 | 5.03 ± 0.35 | 11.53 ± 1.79*# | 3.42 | .00 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.35 ± 0.84 | 4.74 ± 1.12 | 4.5 ± 1.73 | 0.48 | .73 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.51 ± 1.2 | 1.96 ± 1.84 | 1.37 ± 0.88 | 1.34 | .89 |
| CCK (pg/mL) | 4.06 ± 1.77 | 4.76 ± 2.35 | 3.45 ± 1.78# | 2.06 | .04 |
| GGT (U/L) | 17.32 ± 13.58 | 137.41 ± 173.69 | 205 ± 192.37* | 5.28 | .00 |
*P < .05 vs. control group; # P < .05 vs. GS group; ΔChi-square test used, χ2 = 1.13.
BMI, body mass index; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; TBIL, total bilirubin; DBIL, direct reacting bilirubin; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; CCK, cholecystokinin; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.