Table 1.
Characteristics of the Included Studies
| First Author | Year | Study Design | Total Cases | No. of Patients (PTGBD: ELC) | Included Outcomes | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jia | 2018 | Retrospective | 86 | 38:48 | a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j | 8 |
| Lee | 2017 | Retrospective | 85 | 44:41 | a,c,d,e,f, | 6 |
| Jung | 2017 | Retrospective | 294 | 128:166 | a,c,d,e,f,g,i | 6 |
| Ahmed | 2017 | RCT | 150 | 75:75 | a,b,e,f,g,h,i,j | 5 (Jadad) |
| Ni | 2015 | Retrospective | 59 | 26:33 | a,b,d,e,f | 6 |
| Na | 2015 | Retrospective | 116 | 39:77 | c,d,e,f,g,h | 7 |
| Hu | 2015 | RCT | 70 | 35:35 | a,b,c,e,f,g,i,j | 4 (Jadad) |
| Uchiyama | 2013 | Retrospective | 21 | 5:16 | a,b,c,d,e,f,j | 6 |
| Choi | 2012 | Retrospective | 103 | 40:63 | a,b,d,e,f,g,i | 6 |
| Kim | 2011 | Retrospective | 244 | 97:147 | a,c,d,e,f | 6 |
| Kim | 2009 | Retrospective | 133 | 73:60 | e,f,g,j | 8 |
| Kim | 2008 | Retrospective | 99 | 37:62 | a,c,d,e,f,g,i,j | 6 |
| Tsumura | 2004 | Retrospective | 133 | 60:73 | a,b,c,e,f,g,h,j | 6 |
| Chikamori | 2002 | Retrospective | 40 | 31:9 | a,c,d,e,g,h,i,j | 8 |
| Kim | 2018 | Retrospective | 325 | 131:194 | a,c,d,e,f,g,i | 6 |
| Yu | 2017 | Prospective | 86 | 36:50 | a,c,e,f,g,h,i | 9 |
| Karakayali | 2014 | Prospective | 91 | 43:48 | a,c,e,f,g,h,j | 8 |
Included outcomes: a, operative time; b, intraoperative bleeding; c, postoperative hospital stay; d, overall hospital stay; e, conversion rate to open surgery; f, postoperative complications; g, bile leakage; h, bile duct injury; i, intraperitoneal hemorrhage; j, wound infection.