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. 2022 Mar 14;7(4):581–589. doi: 10.1038/s41564-022-01079-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a,c,e, Number of within-household sharing pairs across 15 host category types for core genomes (a) (n = 121), pangenomes (c) (n = 94) and resistomes (e) (n = 9,502). b,d,f, Number of between-household sharing pairs across 15 host category types for core genomes (b) (n = 121), pangenomes (d) (n = 94) and resistomes (f) (n = 9,502). Panels show the 95% confidence intervals (vertical lines) of the calculated expected distribution using a resampling approach. Points depict the observed number of sharing pairs in each category coloured according to whether they fall above (red), below (blue) or within (black) the expected distribution. Hosts in the same category (for example, H–H) and different categories (for example, H–LB) are separated by grey dashed lines. Source type of isolate pairs is indicated on the x axis with human (H), livestock birds (LB), livestock mammals (LM), wildlife birds (WB) and wildlife mammals (WM). In each plot, within-category connections are on the left of the grey dotted line and between-category connections are on the right.