Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer between January and May of 2020 (COVID-19 cohort) or 2018 and 2019 (reference cohort). For evaluation of differences during the first COVID wave, 2020 is split into four different periods of which the average per week is given. The weeks 2–22 of 2018–2019 are averaged. P-value was calculated using Chi-square for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables. GP: general practitioner; IQR: interquartile range; ISUP: international society of urological pathology, PSA: prostate specific antigen, TNM: tumour, node, metastasis, EAU: European Association of Urology.
| Week 2–22 2018–2019 (averaged) (n = 5233) |
Week 2–22 2020 (n = 4753) |
Week 2–8 2020 (n = 1985) pre-COVID-19 period |
Week 9–12 2020 (n = 919) 1st Dutch patient diagnosed with COVID-19 |
Week 13–16 2020 (n = 794) start national lockdown |
Week 17–22 2020 (n = 1055) call to visit GP in case of symptoms |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | (%) | N | (%) | p-value | N | (%) | N | (%) | N | (%) | N | (%) | |
| Patient characteristics | |||||||||||||
| Age at diagnosis (median, IQR) | 70.5 | (65.0–75.5) | 71.0 | (65.0–75.0) | 0.74 | 71.0 | (66.0–75.0) | 70.0 | (65.0–75.0) | 71.0 | (65.0–75.0) | 71.0 | (66.0–75.0) |
| Age at diagnosis | 0.004 | ||||||||||||
| <60 years | 477 | (9.2) | 450 | (9.5) | 24 | (8.6) | 25 | (10.7) | 24 | (10.8) | 18 | (9.1) | |
| 60–69 years | 1873 | (35.9) | 1623 | (34.1) | 97 | (34.3) | 80 | (34.9) | 78 | (35.5) | 62 | (32.2) | |
| 70–79 years | 2330 | (44.5) | 2240 | (47.1) | 133 | (47.0) | 106 | (45.9) | 100 | (46.0) | 96 | (49.4) | |
| >=80 years | 554 | (10.6) | 440 | (9.3) | 29 | (10.2) | 20 | (8.5) | 17 | (7.7) | 18 | (9.3) | |
| Socioeconomic status | 0.07 | ||||||||||||
| Low | 1138 | (21.8) | 975 | (20.5) | 60 | (21.3) | 48 | (20.8) | 39 | (18.0) | 40 | (20.7) | |
| Middle | 2009 | (38.4) | 1806 | (38.0) | 103 | (36.2) | 85 | (36.8) | 86 | (39.5) | 80 | (41.3) | |
| High | 2084 | (39.9) | 1966 | (41.4) | 120 | (42.3) | 97 | (42.2) | 93 | (42.4) | 74 | (38.0) | |
| Unknown | 3 | (0.1) | 6 | (0.1) | 1 | (0.2) | 1 | (0.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Geographical region | 0.43 | ||||||||||||
| East | 567 | (10.8) | 551 | (11.6) | 33 | (11.5) | 30 | (12.8) | 28 | (12.6) | 19 | (10.0) | |
| Middle | 1066 | (20.4) | 927 | (19.5) | 56 | (19.7) | 47 | (20.6) | 42 | (19.1) | 36 | (18.5) | |
| North | 421 | (8.1) | 362 | (7.6) | 22 | (7.6) | 20 | (8.6) | 14 | (6.5) | 15 | (7.6) | |
| South | 1161 | (22.2) | 1089 | (22.9) | 63 | (22.1) | 56 | (24.5) | 49 | (22.5) | 45 | (23.4) | |
| West | 2019 | (38.6) | 1824 | (38.4) | 111 | (39.1) | 77 | (33.5) | 86 | (39.2) | 78 | (40.6) | |
| Tumour characteristics | |||||||||||||
| ISUP Gleason grade group at diagnosis | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
| ISUP 1 | 1668 | (31.9) | 1205 | (25.4) | 76 | (26.9) | 54 | (23.6) | 50 | (22.8) | 50 | (25.9) | |
| ISUP 2 | 1154 | (22.1) | 1202 | (25.3) | 68 | (24.0) | 63 | (27.4) | 55 | (25.3) | 50 | (25.9) | |
| ISUP 3 | 650 | (12.4) | 687 | (14.5) | 42 | (14.7) | 32 | (13.7) | 37 | (17.0) | 25 | (12.7) | |
| ISUP 4&5 | 1526 | (29.2) | 1398 | (29.4) | 85 | (29.8) | 69 | (30.0) | 62 | (28.2) | 56 | (29.0) | |
| Unknown | 237 | (4.5) | 261 | (5.5) | 13 | (4.6) | 12 | (5.2) | 15 | (6.7) | 13 | (6.5) | |
| PSA at diagnosis | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
| PSA < 10 ng/Ml | 2400 | (45.9) | 2318 | (48.8) | 136 | (48.1) | 116 | (50.3) | 103 | (47.2) | 96 | (49.9) | |
| PSA 10–20 ng/mL | 1196 | (22.9) | 1100 | (23.1) | 68 | (24.1) | 50 | (21.7) | 54 | (24.6) | 42 | (21.5) | |
| PSA > 20 ng/mL | 1406 | (26.9) | 1194 | (25.1) | 69 | (24.4) | 59 | (25.6) | 57 | (26.1) | 49 | (25.3) | |
| Unknown | 231 | (4.4) | 141 | (3.0) | 9 | (3.3) | 6 | (2.5) | 5 | (2.1) | 6 | (3.3) | |
| Disease stage (cTNM) | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
| cT0 | 80 | (1.5) | 73 | (1.5) | 3 | (1.1) | 4 | (1.5) | 5 | (2.1) | 4 | (2.0) | |
| cT1-cT2a | 2466 | (47.2) | 1980 | (41.7) | 121 | (42.6) | 95 | (41.1) | 84 | (38.7) | 82 | (42.6) | |
| cT2b | 134 | (2.6) | 149 | (3.1) | 10 | (3.5) | 8 | (3.5) | 6 | (2.9) | 4 | (2.3) | |
| cT2c | 532 | (10.2) | 626 | (13.2) | 35 | (12.2) | 31 | (13.6) | 32 | (14.6) | 26 | (13.5) | |
| cT3-cT4 and/or cN1 cM0 | 1091 | (20.8) | 1100 | (23.1) | 68 | (24.1) | 53 | (23.1) | 53 | (24.1) | 40 | (20.8) | |
| cM1 | 901 | (17.2) | 797 | (16.8) | 45 | (15.9) | 39 | (16.8) | 37 | (17.0) | 35 | (18.3) | |
| Unknown | 31 | (0.6) | 28 | (0.6) | 2 | (0.6) | 1 | (0.4) | 1 | (0.6) | 1 | (0.7) | |
| EAU prognostic risk group | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
| Localised | |||||||||||||
| Low-risk | 916 | (17.5) | 636 | (13.4) | 41 | (14.5) | 28 | (12.2) | 27 | (12.2) | 25 | (13.2) | |
| Intermediate-risk | 1166 | (22.3) | 1085 | (22.8) | 64 | (22.6) | 55 | (23.9) | 46 | (21.0) | 46 | (23.7) | |
| High-risk | 928 | (17.8) | 978 | (20.6) | 56 | (19.8) | 49 | (21.2) | 49 | (22.4) | 39 | (20.1) | |
| Locally advanced | 1091 | (20.8) | 1100 | (23.1) | 68 | (24.1) | 53 | (23.1) | 53 | (24.1) | 40 | (20.8) | |
| Metastatic | 901 | (17.2) | 797 | (16.8) | 45 | (15.9) | 39 | (16.8) | 37 | (17.0) | 35 | (18.3) | |
| Unknown | 232 | (4.5) | 157 | (3.3) | 9 | (3.2) | 7 | (2.8) | 7 | (3.3) | 8 | (4.0) | |