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. 2022 Apr 1;13:1762. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29378-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — The strength of each host group is tested by including an interaction between the richness of alien zoonotic species with each of the 12 host orders identified as important in the GAMMs after accounting for other co-factors. Each host order had established alien populations in at least 50 administrative units. Lines show the predicted relationship between density of zoonotic disease events and alien zoonotic host richness, with mean and the shaded area as the 95% confidence band (Supplementary Data 4). All predictor variables were standardized (to a mean of zero and standard deviation of one) before entering the model. Animal silhouettes were obtained from PhyloPic.