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. 2022 Jan 24;12:1261. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05284-x

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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High glucose concentrations induced the expression of inflammatory proteins in MC. Western blot analysis of NF-κB (a), IL-1β (b), and iNOS (c) expression in homogenates from MC exposed to NG (Ctr) or HG for different time periods (1–48 h). The upper part, representative western blot. The lower part, quantification of the expression levels. The relative expression levels were normalized using actin. Values are the mean ± SEM (n = 5 per group) carried out in duplicate. NG, normal glucose; HG, high glucose. *p < 0.05 with respect to NG, ***p < 0.001 with respect to NG. Full-size blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. 6.