Table 1.

Results of Multilevel Models Examining the Trajectories of Daily Affective Well-Being Associated with Consecutive Sleep Loss (<6 hr)

	Negative affect				Positive affect
	B	SE	p-value	95% CI	B	SE	p-value	95% CI
Fixed effects
Intercept	0.18	0.01	<.001	[0.15, 0.20]	2.87	0.04	<.001	[2.79, 2.96]
Within-person level
Prior day’s affect (negative or positive)	0.03	0.01	0.001	[0.01, 0.05]	0.01	0.01	0.194	[−0.01, 0.03]
Consecutive sleep loss (linear)	0.08	0.01	<.001	[0.06, 0.10]	−0.11	0.02	<.001	[−0.15, −0.07]
Consecutive sleep loss2(quadratic)	−0.03	0.01	<.001	[−0.04, −0.02]	0.03	0.01	0.009	[0.01, 0.05]
Consecutive sleep loss3(cubic)	0.002	0.001	<.001	[0.001, 0.003]	−0.002	0.001	0.060	[−0.004, 0.0001]
Weekend (vs. weekdays)	−0.03	0.004	<.001	[−0.04, −0.02]	0.04	0.01	<.001	[0.03, 0.06]
Between-person level
Average sleep duration	0.00	0.01	0.448	[−0.01, 0.01]	0.01	0.02	0.506	[−0.02, 0.04]
Age	−0.003	0.0004	<.001	[−0.003, −0.002]	0.01	0.001	<.001	[0.01, 0.01]
Male (vs. female)	−0.03	0.01	0.001	[−0.05, −0.01]	0.02	0.03	0.584	[−0.04, 0.08]
White (vs. non-White)	0.01	0.01	0.656	[−0.02, 0.04]	−0.15	0.04	<.001	[−0.23, −0.06]
Education	0.00	0.002	0.041	[0.0002, 0.01]	−0.03	0.01	<.001	[−0.04, −0.02]
Workers (vs. non-workers)	0.11	0.01	<.001	[0.09, 0.12]	−0.10	0.02	<.001	[−0.13, −0.07]
Physical health	−0.06	0.01	<.001	[−0.07, −0.05]	0.21	0.02	<.001	[0.18, 0.24]
Number of missed diary days	0.01	0.01	0.028	[0.002, 0.03]	0.00	0.02	0.791	[−0.03, 0.04]
Random effects
Person level variance	0.04	0.002	<.001		0.42	0.01	<.001
Residual variance	0.04	0.001	<.001		0.14	0.00	<.001

Note. N = 1,958. 12,242 daily observations. The main variables of interest are grey highlighted. Significant associations (at adjusted p ≤ 0.0417) are bolded.