Table 2.

Univariable and multivariable models evaluating expectant management for low-risk prostate cancer, n= 6001 (multivariable).

Variable	Level	Univariable odds ratio (95% CI)	p value	Multivariable odds ratio (95% CI)	p value
Age	<77 77+	Reference 1.53 (1.30, 1.80)	<0.01	Reference 1.32 (1.19, 1.45)	<0.01
Race	White Black Other	Reference 0.86 (0.66, 1.12) 1.07 (0.91, 1.25)	0.46	-	-
Ethnicity	Non-Hispanic Hispanic	Reference 0.51 (0.40, 0.66)	<0.01	Reference 0.76 (0.67, 0.86)	<0.01
Married/partner	Yes No	Reference 1.13 (0.99, 1.30)	0.07	Reference 1.09 (1.01, 1.16)	0.02
Income (ZIP code median)	<$40,000 $40–60,000 >$60,000	Reference 1.42 (1.24, 1.61) 1.79 (1.50, 2.12)	<0.01	Reference 1.26 (1.13, 1.40) 1.37 (1.20, 1.57)	<0.01
Comorbidity	2+ 0 1	Reference 1.18 (1.05, 1.33) 1.10 (1.00, 1.21)	0.02	Reference 1.08 (1.01, 1.16) 1.08 (0.99, 1.16)	0.06
PSA (ng/mL)	4–9.9 <4	Reference 1.27 (1.10, 1.48)	<0.01	Reference 1.25 (1.11, 1.41)	<0.01
Derived AJCC stage	T2a T1c	Reference 2.19 (1.91, 2.53)	<0.01	Reference 1.77 (1.60, 1.96)	<0.01
Year of diagnosis	2010 2011 2012 2013	Reference 1.28 (1.15, 1.42) 1.61 (1.49, 1.72) 2.33 (1.98, 2.74)	<0.01	Reference 1.15 (1.05, 1.27) 1.39 (1.30, 1.49) 1.61 (1.43, 1.82)	<0.01