Table 1.

Conventional Preventive Medications for Migraine by Drug Class and Drug Category

Drug Category Drug Class	Conventional Preventive Treatments for Migraine (Standard-of-Care [SOC]) Cohort			Level C Possibly Effective	Level U Inadequate or Conflicting Data	Other Established as Possibly or Probably Ineffective
	Level A Established Efficacy	Level B Probably Effective	Other
Antiepileptics	Divalproex Na or Na valproate Topiramate			Carbamaze-pine	Gabapentin	Lamotrigine Clonazepam Oxcarbazepine
Beta-blockers	Metoprolol Propranolol Timolol	Atenolol Nadolol		Nebivolol Pindolol	Bisoprolol	Acebutolol
Antidepressants		Amitriptyline Venlafaxine			Fluoxetine Fluvoxamine Protriptyline	Clomipramine
Non-specific			Onabotulinum-toxinA
ACE inhibitor				Lisinopril
Angiotensin receptor blockers				Candesartan		Telmisartan
Alpha-Agonists				Clonidine Guanfacine
Antithrombotic					Coumadin
Calcium Channel Blockers					Nicardipine Nifedipine Nimodipine Verapamil
Diuretic					Acetazolamide
NSAID						Nabumetone

Note: Reference table modified from Silberstein et al, 2012.⁹.

Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; Na, sodium; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SOC, standard-of-care.