Table 1.
The Prevalence and Characteristics of Patients Infected with NTS Which Were Classified into Four Groups Based on the Number of Antimicrobials Resistances
| Characteristics of Patients Infected | NDR-NTS (n=43) | 1-DR-NTS (n=105) | 2-DR-NTS (n=56) | MDR-NTS (n=229) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 95% Cl | n (%) | 95% CIᵅ | n (%) | 95% CIᵅ | n (%) | 95% CIᵅ | |
| Age (year) | ||||||||
| ≤ 15 yr (n=232) | 19/232(8.2) | 4.7–11.6 | 60(25.8) | 19.4–32.2 | 31(13.3) | 8.83–17.8 | 122(52.5) | 43.3–61.8 |
| 16–60 yr (n=106) | 10/60(9.4) | 3.9–14.9 | 26(24.5) | 15.2–33.7 | 13(24.5) | 5.87–18.6 | 57(53.7) | 39.9–67.6 |
| > 60 yr (n=95) | 14/95(14.7) | 7.3–22.1 | 19(20) | 11.2–28.7 | 12(12.6) | 5.77–19.4 | 50(52.6) | 38.1–67.0 |
| Median age = 12 years (yr) IQR (4–57) | ||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male (n=195) | 14(7.2) | 3.7–10.6 | 54(27.7) | 20.4–34.9 | 18(9.2) | 5.20–13.2 | 109(55.9) | 45.4–66.2 |
| Female (n=238) | 29(12.1) | 7.9–16.4 | 81(21.4) | 26.7–41.3 | 38(15.9) | 11.0–20.8 | 120(50.4) | 41.4–59.3 |
| Type of hospital | ||||||||
| Tertiary hospital (n=207) | 13(6.2) | 3.1–9.4 | 45(21.7) | 15.5–27.9 | 20(9.6) | 5.65–13.6 | 129(62.3) | 51.6–72.9 |
| District hospital (n=135) | 19(14) | 8.0–20.1 | 49(36) | 26.2–46.3 | 19(14) | 7.97–20.1 | 48(35.5) | 25.6–45.4 |
| Private hospital (n=91) | 11(12) | 5.2–18.9 | 11(12) | 5.24–18.9 | 17(18.6) | 10.0–27.3 | 52(57.1) | 41.7–72.5 |
| Type of infection | ||||||||
| Non-Invasive (n=267) | 27(10) | 6.5–13.7 | 70(26.2) | 20.1–32.2 | 35(13) | 8.93–17.2 | 152(56.9) | 47.9–65.8 |
| Invasive (n=166) | 16(9.6) | 5.2–14.1 | 35(21) | 14.2–27.9 | 21(12.6) | 7.45–17.8 | 94(56.6) | 45.2–67.9 |
| Salmonella serogroup | ||||||||
| Salmonella serogroup A (n=38) | 1(2.6) | 2.0–3.29 | 9(23.6) | 16.3–31.0 | 5(13.1) | 9.13–17.1 | 23(60) | 41.4–79.6 |
| Salmonella serogroup B (n=87) | 13(14.9) | 7.1–22.7 | 29(33) | 21.3–45.2 | 11(12.6) | 5.47–19.8 | 34(39) | 26.1–52.0 |
| Salmonella serogroup C (n=124) | 8(8.1) | 2.9–13.4 | 26(26.5) | 16.5–36.5 | 23(23.4) | 14.0–32.8 | 41(41.8) | 29.1–54.4 |
| Salmonella serogroup D (n=95) | 6(8) | 2.0–14.1 | 33(44.5) | 29.5–59.6 | 6(8.1) | 2.03–14.1 | 29(39) | 25.1–53.2 |
| Salmonella serogroup E (n=41) | 13(31.7) | 14.7–48.6 | 8(19.5) | 6.34–32.6 | 11(26.8) | 11.2–42.3 | 9(21.9) | 7.94–35.9 |
| Underlying diseases (n=143) | ||||||||
| Hematologic (n=69) | 11(16) | 12.3–19.5 | 15(21.7) | 16.7–26.7 | 7(10.1) | 7.87–12.4 | 36(52.2) | 39.9–64.3 |
| Gastrointestinal (n=24) | 3(12.4) | 7.70–17.2 | 2(8.3) | 5.20–11.4 | 4(16.7) | 10.2–23.1 | 15(62.5) | 37.6–87.3 |
| Immunological (n=14) | 2(14.3) | 7.06–21.5 | 2(14.3) | 10.4–32.3 | 3(21.4) | 10.4–32.3 | 7(50) | 24.0–75.9 |
| Neurological (n=25) | 3(20) | 7.49–16.5 | 3(20) | 22.0–49.9 | 2(13.3) | 5.06–10.9 | 7(50) | 17.2–38.7 |
| Metabolic (n=104) | 19(18.2) | 14.8–21.6 | 9(8.7) | 7.08–10.2 | 8(7.7) | 6.31–9.07 | 68(65.4) | 52.9–77.8 |
| Other (n=12) | 3(25) | 11.1–38.8 | 0(0) | 0–0 | 2(16.7) | 7.52–25.8 | 7(58.3) | 25.6–91.0 |
Note: ᵅ95% Confidence intervals (CIs) -Pearson Chi-square which do not include 1.0 are statistically significant.
Abbreviations: NDR-NTS, nondrug resistance -non-typhoidal Salmonella; 1-DR-NTS, drug resistance non-typhoidal Salmonella at one antimicrobial; 2-DR-NTS, drug resistance -non-typhoidal Salmonella at two antimicrobials; MDR-NTS, drug resistance non-typhoidal Salmonella at least one again in three or more antimicrobials categories.