Table II.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population for measurements of IL-22 in amniotic fluid.
| Term Delivery | Preterm Delivery | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preterm labor who delivered at term (n=20) | Preterm labor without sterile or microbial intra-amniotic inflammation (n=27) | Preterm labor with sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (n=27) | Preterm labor with microbial intra-amniotic inflammation (n=16) | p-value | |
| Maternal age (years; median [IQR])a | 23 (20.8–25.5) | 22 (19–25.5) | 24 (20.5–27) | 23.5 (20–27) | 0.7 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2; median [IQR])a | 22.7 (20.9–29.4) | 25.3 (21.5–28.9)e | 28.2 (23.2–33.4)e | 23.7 (21.6–31.7)d | 0.2 |
| Primiparityb | 10% (2/20) | 29.6% (8/27) | 56.3% (9/16) | 18.8 (3/16) | 0.2 |
| Race/ethnicityb | 0.6 | ||||
| African-American | 100% (20/20) | 81.5% (22/27) | 88.9% (24/27) | 93.8% (15/16) | |
| White | 0% (0/20) | 11.1% (3/27) | 7.4% (2/27) | 6.2% (1/16) | |
| Other | 0% (0/20) | 7.4% (2/27) | 3.7% (1/27) | 0% (0/16) | |
| Gestational age at amniocentesis (weeks; median [IQR])a | 31.3 (30.7–32.3) | 30.6 (28.5–32.4) | 26.4 (23.8–30.2) | 26.4 (22.5–30.2) | 0.002 |
| IL-6 (ng/mL; median [IQR])a | 0.4 (0.3–0.7) | 0.5 (0.4–1) | 11.2 (5.4–22.9) | 98.9 (26.6–130.1) | <0.001 |
| Amniotic fluid glucose (mg/dl; median [IQR])a | 28.5 (22.8–32) | 27 (20–32.5) | 21 (19–26)d | 10 (1–18)c | <0.001 |
| Amniotic fluid WBC (cells/mm3; median [IQR])a | 0.5 (0–4.3) | 1 (0–3) | 2.5 (0.8–13.3)e | 285 (23–458) | <0.001 |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks; median [IQR])a | 38.7 (37.4–39) | 34 (31.8–35.8) | 26.7 (24.5–31.3) | 26.4 (22.5–30.3) | <0.001 |
| Cesarean sectionb | 0% (0/20) | 3.7% (1/27) | 22.2% (6/27) | 12.5% (2/16) | 0.047 |
| Birthweight (grams; median [IQR])a | 3049 (2900–3294) | 2190 (1588–2364) | 917 (593–1545) | 985 (458–1261) | <0.001 |
| Acute maternal inflammatory responseb,c | |||||
| Stage 1 (Early acute subchorionitis or chorionitis) | 10.5% (2/19)c | 13% (3/23)f | 29.2% (7/24)e | 13.3 % (2/15)c | 0.5 |
| Stage 2 (Acute chorioamnionitis) | 15.8% (3/19)c | 21.7% (5/23)f | 12.5% (3/24)e | 20% (3/15)c | 0.9 |
| Stage 3 (Necrotizing chorioamnionitis) | 0% (0/19)c | 0% (0/23)f | 16.6% (4/24)e | 66.6% (10/15)c | <0.001 |
| Acute fetal inflammatory responseb,c | |||||
| Stage 1 (Chorionic vasculitis or umbilical phlebitis) | 15.8% (3/19)c | 8.7% (2/23)f | 20.8% (5/24)e | 33.3% (5/15)c | 0.1 |
| Stage 2 (Umbilical arteritis) | 5.3% (1/19)c | 4.3% (1/23)f | 4.2% (1/24)e | 46.7% (7/15)c | <0.001 |
| Stage 3 (Necrotizing funisitis) | 0% (0/19)c | 0% (0/23)f | 0% (0/24)e | 0% (0/15)c | 1.0 |
Data are given as median (interquartile range, IQR) and percentage (n/N).
a
Kruskal-Wallis test with multiple comparison,
b
Fisher’s exact test,
c
One missing datum,
d
Two missing data,
e
Three missing data,
f
Four missing data
Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cells.