Table 1.
Demographic characteristics, patient history, anthropometry, and clinical measurements at inclusion in the study.
| Variables | Male No. (%) |
Female No. (%) |
P-value (χ2) |
Total No. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≤ 40 | 27 (32.2) | 57 (67.9) | 0.132 (5.607) | 84 (21.8) |
| 40–50 | 43 (33.6) | 85 (66.4) | 128 (33.2) | |
| 51–59 | 28 (36.8) | 48 (63.2) | 76 (19.7) | |
| ≥ 60 | 46 (46.9) | 52 (21.5) | 98 (25.4) | |
| Educational level | ||||
| No formal education/elementary | 16 (20.8) | 61 (79.2) | < 0.001 (41.46) | 77 (19.9) |
| Junior | 27 (34.2) | 52 (65.8) | 79 (20.5) | |
| High school | 47 (31.5) | 102 (68.5) | 149 (38.6) | |
| Higher Education | 54 (66.7) | 27 (33.3) | 81 (21.0) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 12 (37.5) | 20 (62.5) | < 0.001 (12.50) | 32 (8.3) |
| Married | 124 (41.1) | 178 (58.9) | 302 (78.2) | |
| Divorced | 2 (15.4) | 11 (84.6) | 13 (3.4) | |
| Widowed | 6 (15.4) | 33 (84.6) | 39 (10.1) | |
| Occupation | ||||
| Unemployed | 24 (11,9) | 178 (88.1) | < 0.001 (162.46) | 202 (52.33) |
| Self-employed | 40 (72.7) | 15 (27.3) | 55 (14.24) | |
| Government employee | 65 (45.1) | 36 (14.9) | 101 (26.16) | |
| Privately employed | 15 (53.6) | 13 (46.4) | 28 (7.25) | |
| Smoking history | ||||
| Yes | 11 (84.6) | 2 (015.41) | 0.001 (12.87) | 13 (3.4) |
| No | 133 (35.7) | 240 (64.3) | 373 (96.6) | |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||
| Yes | 101 (40.7) | 147 (59.3) | 0.079 (3.50) | 248 (64.2) |
| No | 43 (31.2) | 95 (68.8) | 138 (35.8) | |
| Previous diagnosis of hypertension | ||||
| Yes | 25 (36.2) | 44 (63.8) | 0.041 (0.891) | 69 (17.9) |
| No | 119 (37.5) | 198 (62.5) | 317 (82.1) | |
| BP (mmHg) | ||||
| SBP > 130 | 48 (39.3) | 74 (60.7) | 0.317 (0.574) | 122 (31.6) |
| DBP > 85 | 45 (42.5) | 61 (57.5) | 0.238 (1.66) | 106 (27.5) |
| Elevated BP (> 140/90) | 35 (37.2) | 59 (62.8) | 0.544 (0.000) | 94 (24.4) |
| WC (abnormal) | 67 (24.2) | 210 (75.80) | < 0.001 (72.17) | 277 (71.8) |
| WHR (≥ 0.95 (men)/ ≥ 0.80 (women) | ||||
| WHtR (> 0.50) | 115 (79.9) | 218 (90.1%) | 0.006 (7.96) | 0.57 ± 0.7 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.82 ± 4.01 | |||
| < 18.5 | 4 (23.5) | 13 (76.5) | < 0.001 (19.33) | 17 (4.4) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 91 (46.2) | 106 (53.8) | 197 (51.0) | |
| 25–29.9 | 43 (33.6) | 85 (66.4) | 128 (33.2) | |
| > 30 | 6 (13.6) | 38 (86.4) | 44 (11.4) | |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 96.17 ± 22.96 | |||
| Normal < 100 | 106 (36.7) | 183 (63.3) | 0.599 (1.025) | 289 (75.3) |
| IFP (≥ 100–125) | 31 (41.3) | 44 (58.7) | 75 (19.5) | |
| DM (> 125) | 6 (30.0) | 14 (70.0) | 20 (5.2) | |
Significant values are in bold. P values (2 tailed): Frequencies of specific demographic and clinical variables between males and females and associated Chi squire/ Fishers exact test values or student t test values.
BP blood pressure, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, WC waist circumference, WHR waist/Hip ratio, WHR waist/height ratio, BMI body mass index, FPG fasting plasma glucose.