Table 2.
Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with adverse drug events among study participants on dolutegravir-based regimen at ISS clinic-MRRH
| Variables | Recorded experience of ADE | Bivariate odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Multivariate odds (95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (%) | No (%) | |||||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 62 (50.0) | 161 (64.1) | 1.789 (1.156–2.768) | 0.009* | 1.571 (1.433–1.984) | 0.031* |
| Female | 62 (50.0) | 90 (35.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Age | ||||||
| 20–29 years | 5 (4.0) | 11 (4.4) | 1.441 (0.432–4.810) | 0.552 | ||
| 30–39 years | 11 (8.9) | 44 (17.5) | 2.621 (1.089–6.307) | 0.032* | ||
| 40–49 years | 44 (35.5) | 84 (33.5) | 1.251 (0.631–2.478) | 0.521 | ||
| 50–59 years | 45 (36.3) | 83 (33.1) | 1.208 (0.610–2.392) | 0.587 | ||
| ≥ 60 years | 19 (15.3) | 29 (11.6) | 1.0 | |||
| Employment status | ||||||
| Employed | 85 (68.5) | 197 (78.5) | 1.674 (1.032–2.716) | 0.037* | ||
| Unemployed | 39 (31.5) | 54 (21.5) | 1.0 | |||
| Meals eaten before swallowing medicines | ||||||
| Non-fatty meals | 35 (28.2) | 50 (19.9) | 0.571 (0.335–0.976) | 0.040* | ||
| Plant based | 11 (8.9) | 22 (8.8) | 0.800 (0.363–1.762) | 0.580 | ||
| Animal based | 24 (19.4) | 44 (17.5) | 0.733 (0.407–1.322) | 0.302 | ||
| Plant and animal | 54 (43.5) | 135 (53.8) | 1.0 | |||
| Duration since HIV diagnosis | ||||||
| < 5 years | 12 (9.7) | 41 (16.3) | 3.417 (1.327–8.795) | 0.011* | ||
| 5–10 years | 27 (21.8) | 93 (37.1) | 3.444 (1.525–7.779) | 0.003* | ||
| 11–15 years | 69 (55.6) | 101 (40.2) | 1.464 (0.686–3.122) | 0.324 | ||
| > 15 years | 16 (12.9) | 16(6.4) | 1.0 | |||
| WHO staging at entry into care | ||||||
| Stage one | 45 (36.3) | 115 (45.8) | 4.472 (1.757–11.386) | 0.002* | 4.586 (1.649–12.754) | 0.004* |
| Stage two | 35 (28.2) | 80 (31.9) | 4.000 (1.539–10.396) | 0.004* | 4.536 (1.611–12.776) | 0.004* |
| Stage three | 30 (24.2) | 48 (19.1) | 2.800 (1.050–7.469) | 0.040* | 3.638 (1.262–10.488) | 0.017* |
| Stage four | 14 (11.3) | 8 (3.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Viral load at initiation of DTG-based regimen | ||||||
| Undetectable | 110 (88.7) | 182 (72.5) | 0.336 (0.180–0.625) | 0.001* | 0.324 (0.1167–0.629) | 0.001* |
| Detectable | 14 (11.3) | 69 (27.5) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Statistically significant P values less than 0.05 of ADE associated factors at multivariate analysis including sex, WHO staging at entry into care and viral load at initiation of DTG-based regimen
*Significance, less than 0.05; %, percentage; ADE, adverse drug event; COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, Adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; WHO, world health organization; DTG, dolutegravir; ART; < , less than; > , greater than; ≥ greater than or equal to