Table 1:

Baseline features of the study sample (N=168)

Categorical Variables	N	%
Sex
Male	69	41
Female	99	59
Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic grade
0	11	7
1	37	22
2	68	40
3	52	31
As-treated treatment group
APM	107	64
PT	58	35
None*	3	2
Continuous Variables	Mean	SD
Age	58	7
Body mass index	29	6
KOOS Pain at baseline	46	16
KOOS ADL at baseline	36	18

^*3 subjects were randomized to APM but did not receive surgery or formal PT