Table 2.
Comparison of unadjusted and adjusted OR of perceiving oneself at risk of COVID-19 infection across the first two waves in Nigeria, 2020
| Variable | Unadjusted OR | 95% CI | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value |
| APS wave 1 | |||||
| Age years (n=1535) | P=0.19 | ||||
| 18–24 | 1 | ||||
| 25–35 | 0.93 | 0.72 to 1.20 | – | – | – |
| 36–50 | 1.21 | 0.90 to 1.62 | – | – | – |
| 51–59 | 1.38 | 0.74 to 2.57 | – | – | – |
| 60+ | 1.45 | 0.59 to 3.55 | – | – | – |
| Gender (n=1535) | P<0.001 | ||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 0.67 | 0.55 to 0.82 | 0.75 | 0.60 to 0.93 | 0.01 |
| Marital status (n=1535) | P=0.002 | ||||
| Single | 1 | 1 | |||
| Married | 1.39 | 1.13 to 1.70 | 1.53 | 1.20 to 1.97 | 0.001 |
| Highest education completed (n=1535) | P<0.001 | ||||
| No schooling | 1 | 1 | |||
| Primary | 1.3 | 0.44 to 3.80 | 1.35 | 0.44 to 4.16 | 0.6 |
| Secondary | 0.94 | 0.47 to 1.89 | 1.36 | 0.63 to 2.92 | 0.43 |
| Tertiary | 0.45 | 0.23 to 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.34 to 1.48 | 0.36 |
| Employment (n=1535) | P=0.004 | ||||
| Artisan/daily paid worker | 1 | 1 | |||
| Business owner | 0.47 | 0.30 to 0.72 | 0.71 | 0.45 to 1.14 | 0.2 |
| Fully employed | 0.48 | 0.32 to 0.72 | 0.76 | 0.48 to 1.22 | 0.25 |
| Student/corper | 0.57 | 0.37 to 0.88 | 1.14 | 0.70 to 1.86 | 0.59 |
| Unemployed | 0.59 | 0.38 to 0.90 | 1 | 0.62 to 1.61 | 0.999 |
| Geopolitical zone (n=1535) | P<0.001 | ||||
| North-east | 1 | 1 | |||
| North-west | 0.87 | 0.59 to 1.27 | 0.88 | 0.59 to 1.30 | 0.51 |
| North-central | 0.66 | 0.47 to 0.91 | 0.77 | 0.54 to 1.08 | 0.13 |
| South-east | 0.66 | 0.43 to 1.00 | 0.79 | 0.51 to 1.23 | 0.3 |
| South-west | 0.22 | 0.16 to 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.20 to 0.40 | <0.001 |
| South-south | 0.37 | 0.25 to 0.53 | 0.41 | 0.28 to 0.60 | <0.001 |
| Main source of information (n=1524) | P=0.002 | ||||
| Traditional media | 1 | 1 | |||
| Non-traditional media | 0.71 | 0.58 to 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.69 to 1.10 | 0.23 |
| Others | 1.22 | 0.68 to 2.19 | 0.95 | 0.52 to 1.75 | 0.87 |
| APS wave 2 | |||||
| Age, years (n=2244) | P=0.156 | ||||
| 18–24 | 1 | – | |||
| 25–35 | 1.21 | 0.98 to 1.50 | – | – | – |
| 36–50 | 1.26 | 0.99 to 1.60 | – | – | – |
| 51–59 | 1.51 | 1.01 to 2.24 | – | – | – |
| 60+ | 0.97 | 0.60 to 1.58 | – | – | – |
| Gender (n=2244) | P=0.006 | ||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 0.79 | 0.67 to 0.93 | 0.85 | 0.73 to 1.05 | 0.15 |
| Marital status (n=2244) | P=0.028 | ||||
| Single | 1 | 1 | |||
| Married | 1.21 | 1.02 to 1.43 | 1.19 | 0.98 to 1.44 | 0.09 |
| Highest education completed (n=2244) | P<0.001 | ||||
| No schooling | 1 | 1 | |||
| Primary | 1.04 | 0.63 to 1.70 | 1.86 | 1.08 to 3.21 | 0.03 |
| Secondary | 1.11 | 0.74 to 1.67 | 1.75 | 1.10 to 2.79 | 0.02 |
| Tertiary | 1.97 | 1.31 to 2.95 | 2.85 | 1.78 to 4.59 | <0.001 |
| Employment (n=2244) | P<0.001 | ||||
| Artisan/daily paid worker | 1 | 1 | |||
| Business owner | 1.83 | 1.34 to 2.50 | 1.82 | 1.29 to 2.56 | 0.001 |
| Fully employed | 2.93 | 2.14 to 4.01 | 2.37 | 1.64 to 3.41 | <0.001 |
| Student/corper | 2.91 | 2.06 to 4.11 | 2.80 | 1.90 to 4.12 | <0.001 |
| Unemployed | 1.9 | 1.38 to 2.62 | 1.86 | 1.31 to 2.64 | <0.001 |
| Others | 2.86 | 1.30 to 6.29 | 2.39 | 1.04 to 5.45 | 0.040 |
| Geopolitical zone (n=2244) | P<0.001 | ||||
| North-east | 1 | 1 | |||
| North-west | 4.15 | 3.05 to 5.64 | 4.01 | 2.89 to 5.57 | <0.001 |
| North-central | 1.12 | 0.85 to 1.48 | 0.92 | 0.69 to 1.22 | 0.550 |
| South-east | 1.11 | 0.83 to 1.47 | 0.98 | 0.73 to 1.32 | 0.899 |
| South-west | 0.88 | 0.66 to 1.18 | 0.71 | 0.52 to 0.97 | 0.03 |
| South-south | 1.15 | 0.86 to 1.54 | 1.14 | 0.84 to 1.55 | 0.39 |
| Main source of information (n=2244) | P=0.249 | ||||
| Traditional media | 1 | ||||
| Non-traditional media | 1.16 | 0.968 to 1.389 | – | – | – |
| Others | 1.126 | 0.863 to 1.470 | – | – | – |
*Significance level is set at p<0.05.
APS, Audience Perception Survey.