Table 1.

Causes of pyogenic liver abscess

Biliary tract	Iatrogenic injury of liver/biliary tract
Cholangitis	Liver biopsy
Choledocholithiasis	Blocked biliary stent
Cholangiocarcinoma	Radiofrequency ablation/hemoembolization in the presence of infected bile
Ischemic cholangitis	Pancreatoduodenectomy
Congenital biliary diseases	Liver transplantation
Portal vein	Hepatic artery
Appendicitis	Dental infection
Diverticulitis	Bacterial endocarditis
Crohn’s disease	Pyelonephritis
	Osteitis
Direct extension of:	Secondary infection of liver
Gall bladder empyema	Liver cyst
Perforated peptic ulcer	Biliary cyst
Subphrenic abscess	Metastases
Kidney abscess
Liver trauma	Cryptogenic