Table 3.

Effects of gender, diabetes mellitus (DM), thyroid disease and gluten-free diet (GFD) adherence on liver enzymes

			Liver enzymes
		N	ALT-0 mean ±SD	ALT-6 mean ±SD	ALT-12 mean ±SD	AST-0 mean ±SD	AST-6 mean ±SD	AST-12 mean ±SD	GGT-0 mean ±SD	GGT-6 mean ±SD	GGT-12 mean ±SD
Gender
	Male	30	42.7 ±34	30.1 ±11	30 ±10.8	41.1 ±39	31.6 ±14	30.6 ±14	13.9 ±13	20.9 ±36.5	13.1 ±9.4
	Female	22	34.8 ±20	27.7 ±11.6	31.3 ±14.5	30.6 ±32	28.3 ±15	28.6 ±14	17.7 ±21.8	13.3 ±12.3	19.5 ±26.9
*p value			0.46			0.24			0.85
DM
	Yes	21	45.5 ±34	31.8 ±10.9	33.4 ±12.6	38.6 ±37.6	32.9 ±17.8	32.9 ±18.4	17.9 ±19.9	16.4 ±12.8	19.6 ±27
	No	31	35.3 ±24.9	27.2 ±11.2	28.6 ±12	35.4 ±28.4	28.4 ±11.8	27.6 ±10	13.8 ±15.2	18.5 ±36	13.3 ±10
*p value			0.11			0.33			0.56
Thyroid disease
	Yes	14	46.4 ±33.8	31.9 ±10.6	33.9 ±12	35 ±40.8	26.6 ±13.5	26.6 ±13.7	17.4 ±21.6	20.3 ±20.5	22.3 ±32.3
	No	38	36.8 ±27.3	28 ±11.4	29 ±12.5	37.2 ±28.9	31.6 ±14.9	30.8 ±14.3	14.8 ±15.6	16.7 ±31.6	13.5 ±10.3
*p value			0.18			0.45			0.33
GFD adherence
	Good	39	42.8 ±32.3	29.3 ±11.9	31.8 ±12.9	40.2 ±25.8	29.8 ±11.9	29.6 ±12.7	17.9 ±19.2	20.1 ±32.9	17.2 ±21.5
	Poor	13	29.2 ±10.9	28.5 ±9.4	26.9 ±10.3	26.1 ±13	31.3 ±21	29.9 ±18.4	8.4 ±4.2	10.5 ±6.4	11.7 ±6.4
*p value			0.17			0.42			0.12

ALT-0 – alanine transaminase at baseline, ALT-6 – alanine transaminase at 6 months after GFD, ALT-12 – alanine transaminase 12 months after GFD, AST-0 – aspartate transaminase at baseline, AST-6 – aspartate transaminase 6 months after GFD, AST-12 – aspartate transaminase 12 months after GFD, GGT-0 – γ-glutamyl transferase at baseline, GGT-6 – γ-glutamyl transferase at 6 months after GFD, GGT-12 – γ-glutamyl transferase at 12 months after GFD

* mixed-design ANOVA