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. 2022 Mar 21;13:839424. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.839424

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Copyright © 2022 Hollingsworth, Wang, White, Simpson and Jablonski.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The BXD32 retina exhibits cell death by apoptosis and proper function of microglia. Using TUNEL labeling (red) for apoptotic nuclei (arrowheads, >) and immunolabeling for monocytes (IBA1, green) and photoreceptors (RHO, blue) at p63 (A), p105 (B) and p168 (C), presumed microglia can be observed migrating to the ONL and phagocytosing apoptotic photoreceptor nuclei (arrows) the normal function of microglial cells in the retina under degenerative conditions. Nuclei stained with DAPI (white/grey). RPE, retinal pigment epithelium; ROS/IS, rod outer segments/inner segments; ONL, outer nuclear layer; OPL, outer plexiform layer; INL, inner nuclear layer; IPL, inner plexiform layer; GCL, ganglion cell layer. Scale bars = 20 μm.