TABLE 1.

The basic infant characteristics between the BPD and control groups.

	BPD group (n = 18)	Control group (n = 20)	P-value
Male gender n (%)	11 (61%)	10 (50%)	0.492
Birth weight (grams) $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$	971 ± 240	1262 ± 335	0.000
Gestational age (weeks) $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$	27.4 ± 1.5	29.5 ± 0.9	0.000
Apgar 1 min $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$	7.8 ± 2.1	8.4 ± 1.6	0.296
Apgar 5 min $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$	8.8 ± 1.3	9.5 ± 0.8	0.060
Apgar 10 min $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$	9.1 ± 0.8	9.7 ± 0.6	0.469
NRDS n (%)	18 (100%)	17 (85%)	0.087
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) n (%)	15 (83.3%)	9 (45%)	0.014
Late-onset neonatal sepsis n (%)	7 (38%)	8 (40%)	0.735
Duration of mechanical ventilation (days) $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$	32.5 ± 17.0	12.9 ± 7.6	0.000
Duration of invasive ventilation (days) $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$	6.1 ± 5.0	0.4 ± 0.9	0.000
Intravenous hormone n (%)	9 (50%)	1 (5%)	0.002
Length of hospital stay (days) $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$	61.2 ± 16.9	42.2 ± 10.5	0.000
Corrected gestational age at discharge $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$	36.3 ± 1.5	35.1 ± 1.0	0.000
Duration of parenteral nutrition: $\overline{\text{X}}\pm \text{S}$ (days)	42.1 ± 12.1	25.6 ± 10.2	0.000

N represents the number of patients.