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. 2022 Mar 21;14:833782. doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2022.833782

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Copyright © 2022 Chater and Goda.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Patterns of AMPAR organisation and plasticity across the neuron. Surface AMPAR distribution is regulated by plasticity across different spatial levels. Top—in CA1 neurons, synaptic AMPAR levels increase along dendrites as the distance from the soma increases. This distance-dependent scaling offsets the dendritic filtering of distal inputs. Middle—Cell-wide AMPARs are modulated by changes in global activity levels. Blocking activity causes a compensatory increase in synaptic AMPAR levels (scaling up). Similarly, the increasing activity causes a down-scaling of AMPARs. These changes are multiplicative, thereby retaining the relative strengths encoded in synapses. Bottom—Activity-dependent trafficking of AMPARs. High-frequency stimulation increases levels of synaptic AMPARs that is one of the key cellular mechanisms of long-term potentiation (LTP). Low frequency simulation leads to loss of synaptic AMPARs (long term depression, LTD).