Fig. 1.

Inflammasome-activated signaling pathways. Canonical inflammasomes are activated by interaction with pro-caspase-1 with or without the help of ASC, but non-canonical inflammasomes are activated by direct interaction with intracellular LPS. The activated inflammasomes subsequently induce GSDMD proteolysis and GSDMD pore generation, resulting in pyroptosis. The activated inflammasomes also induce proteolytic activation of caspase-1 and caspase-1-mediated maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines through GSDMD pores.