Table 4.
Significant differentially methylated regions associated with left-handedness in meta-analysis and secondary analysis.
| Cohort | Chromosome | Start | End | n CpGs | Genes | Effect size | SE | P | Padjust |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meta-analysis | |||||||||
| NTR and ALSPAC adults (blood DNA methylation) | chr20 | 36,148,679 | 36,149,022 | 16 | BLCAP, NNAT | − 0.153 | 0.024 | 9.80 × 10–11 | 4.31 × 10–05 |
| chr2 | 9,614,471 | 9,614,744 | 7 | IAH1 | − 0.102 | 0.019 | 7.33 × 10–08 | 0.03 | |
| Secondary analysis | |||||||||
| NTR children at 9 years (buccal cell DNA methylation) | chr8 | 145,024,929 | 145,025,064 | 4 | PLEC1 | − 0.056 | 0.008 | 1.07 × 10–11 | 9.14 × 10–06 |
| chr22 | 36,011,405 | 36,011,843 | 2 | MB | − 0.119 | 0.022 | 4.09 × 10–08 | 0.035 | |
| chr9 | 111,696,674 | 111,697,545 | 10 | EELP1, ABITRAM | − 0.134 | 0.024 | 4.59 × 10–08 | 0.039 | |
| chr12 | 899,323 | 899,559 | 2 | WNK1 | − 0.117 | 0.021 | 4.69 × 10–08 | 0.040 | |
Effect size is a weighted sum of the EWAS effects for each CpG site in the DMR (i.e. methylation differences between LH and RH) where the weights account for dependence between CpG sites and uncertainty in the EWAS effects (see “Methods” section). Nmeta-analysis = 3721, NNTR children = 866.
NTR Netherlands Twin Register. ALSPAC Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. SE standard error; Padjust P-value multiplied by the total number of tests performed; the number of tests is equal to the number of regions for which DMR statistics are calculated.