TABLE 4.

Background information of the teacher participants (n = 227).

Variables	Content	Fre.	Percent (%)
Sex	Male	53	23.58
	Female	174	76.42
Age	Under the age of 30	14	6.11
	Between 31 and 40	128	56.33
	Between 41 and 50	63	27.95
	Above the age of 50	22	9.61
Teaching time	Less than 5 years	22	10.04
	Between 6 and 10 years	40	17.47
	Between 11 and 15 years	74	32.75
	More than 15 years	91	39.74
Educational background	Bachelor	22	10.04
	Master	180	79.04
	Doctor	24	10.48
	Other cases	1	0.44
Professional titles	Teaching assistants	10	4.37
	Lectures	118	51.97
	Associate professors	89	39.3
	Professors	10	4.37
Types of universities	Universities of science, technology, agriculture, and medicine	70	31
	Universities of liberal arts	20	8.73
	Normal university	21	9.17
	Universities of arts and physics	2	0.87
	Comprehensive universities	87	38.43
	Other cases	27	11.79