. 2022 Apr 5;42(9):2847–2854. doi: 10.1007/s10792-022-02275-9

Table 3.

Dynamic pupillary light responses in healthy control participants and post-COVID-19 subjects with and without neurological symptoms at 4 weeks

	Healthy controls (n = 30)	With neurological symptoms at 4 weeks (n = 16)	Without neurological symptoms at 4 weeks (n = 19)	P values
	Healthy controls (n = 30)	With neurological symptoms at 4 weeks (n = 16)	Without neurological symptoms at 4 weeks (n = 19)	With neurological symptoms versus control	Without neurological symptoms versus control	With versus without neurological symptoms
Initial pupil diameter (mm)	5.66 ± 0.84	5.58 ± 0.78	5.66 ± 0.97	0.955^a	0.999^a	0.961^a
Amplitude of contraction (mm)	1.83 ± 0.29	1.71 ± 0.30	1.78 ± 0.37	0.414^a	0.812^a	0.803^a
Latency of contraction (ms)	258.0 (234.8–276.5)	285.5 (266.8–300.5)	283.0 (273.0–311.0)	0.016^b	0.010^b	> 0.999^b
Duration of contraction (ms)	662.3 ± 89.2	576.8 ± 81.2	645.7 ± 93.4	0.008^a	0.800^a	0.064^a
Velocity of contraction (mm/s)	5.67 ± 0.94	5.59 ± 0.92	5.38 ± 1.04	0.965^a	0.577^a	0.801^a
Latency of dilation (ms)	911.4 ± 80.0	861.5 ± 76.0	918.6 ± 105.0	0.162^a	0.958^a	0.139^a
Duration of dilation (ms)	1575.6 ± 86.3	1602.4 ± 97.8	1553.5 ± 108.8	0.641^a	0.715^a	0.298^a
Velocity of dilation (mm/s)	1.69 (1.52–1.84)	1.58 (1.46–1.76)	1.59 (1.27–1.64)	0.172^b*

Data are expressed as mean ± SD for parametric variables and median (IQR) for non-parametric variables. The bold P values represent statistically significant differences

*Pairwise comparisons were not performed as the overall test did not show a significant difference among groups

^aOne-way ANOVA test followed by post-hoc Tukey test, ^bKruskal–Wallis test followed by post-hoc Dunn’s test with adjusted P values using Benjamini–Hochberg procedure