Table 3.

Paired samples t-tests (N = 80).

Before and during COVID-19 (n = 80)	Mean	SD	t
Time spent (minutes per day)	69.45	8.07	8.61***
Academic performance	−0.77	0.12	6.39***
Motivation in learning activities	−0.78	0.14	−5.52***
Socialization with friends	−2.04	0.21	−9.63***
Externalizing behavior	−0.22	0.19	−1.12
Internalizing behavior	−1.77	0.33	−5.38***
Pro-social behavior	−0.81	0.16	−5.04***
Discipline	−0.42	0.28	−1.44

Note. Paired sample t-test results are presented as means and standard deviation with t-test results in different constructs to measure the statistical significance before and during COVID-19 period.

***p < .001; **p < .01; *p < .05.