Table 1.
Patient characteristics at baseline. All characteristics reported in the table were determined at inclusion in the AKIKI or IDEAL-ICU trial, or before initiation of renal replacement therapy*
| Characteristic | Before weighting | After inverse probability weighting | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 543) | CRRT group (n = 269) | IHD group (n = 274) | SMD (%) | CRRT group (n = 268.2) | IHD group (n = 271.9) | SMD (%) | p value | |
| Age, years | 66.5 (13.3) | 66.2 (13.4) | 66.8 (13.3) | 4.4 | 66.5 (13.4) | 66.7 (13.2) | 1.5 | 0.87 |
| Female sex | 200 (36.8%) | 101 (37.6%) | 99 (36.1%) | 2.9 | 97.4 (36.3%) | 101.2 (37.2%) | 1.9 | 0.83 |
| Serum creatinine before ICU admission, µmol/L* | 86.2 (34.1) | 84·6 (36.7) | 87.8 (31.3) | 9.4 | 86.6 (33.8) | 86.8 (32.1) | 0.6 | 0.95 |
| Coexisting conditions | ||||||||
| Chronic kidney disease | 54 (9.9%) | 23 (8.6%) | 31 (11.3%) | 9.3 | 24.3 (9.1%) | 30.6 (11.3%) | 7.2 | 0.43 |
| Chronic hypertension | 301 (55.4%) | 136 (50.6%) | 165 (60.2%) | 19.5 | 148.4 (55.4%) | 153.3 (56.4%) | 2.0 | 0.82 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 109 (20.1%) | 55 (20.4%) | 54 (19.7%) | 1.8 | 53.7 (20.0%) | 53.5 (19.7%) | 0.9 | 0.92 |
| Congestive heart failure | 43 (7.9%) | 22 (8.2%) | 21 (7.7%) | 1.9 | 21.6 (8.1%) | 22.2 (8.2%) | 0.4 | 0.97 |
| Cirrhosis | 53 (9.8%) | 27 (10.0%) | 26 (9.5%) | 1.8 | 26.3 (9.8%) | 25.1 (9.2%) | 2.0 | 0.82 |
| Respiratory disease | 62 (11.4%) | 30 (11.2%) | 32 (11.7%) | 1.7 | 30.4 (11.3%) | 31.3 (11.5%) | 0.5 | 0.95 |
| Cancer | 89 (16.4%) | 48 (17.8%) | 41 (15.0%) | 7.8 | 43.2 (16.1%) | 43.2 (15.9%) | 0.6 | 0.95 |
| AIDS | 5 (0.9%) | 3 (1.1%) | 2 (0.7%) | 4.0 | 3.1 (1.1%) | 4.0 (1.5%) | 2.8 | 0.79 |
| Immunosuppressive drugs | 32 (5.9%) | 21 (7.8%) | 11 (4.0%) | 16.1 | 15.3 (5.7%) | 14.0 (5.2%) | 2.4 | 0.79 |
| Organ transplantation | 5 (0.9%) | 4 (1.5%) | 1 (0.4%) | 11.7 | 2.6 (1.0%) | 2.6 (1.0%) | < 0.1 | 0.99 |
| SOFA score at inclusion (0 to 24) | 11.4 (3.2) | 11.7 (3.1) | 11.1 (3.3) | 18.6 | 11.5 (3.2) | 11.4 (3.2) | 1.8 | 0.84 |
| Renal SOFA (1 to 5) | 3.7 (1.1) | 3.6 (1.1) | 2.9 (1.2) | 4.4 | 3.7 (1.1) | 3.7 (1.1) | 0.4 | 0.97 |
| Cardiovascular SOFA (1 to 5) | 4.4 (1.3) | 4.6 (1.1) | 4.3 (1.4) | 24.6 | 4.5 (1.2) | 4.4 (1.3) | 2.5 | 0.78 |
| Liver SOFA (1 to 5) | 1.8 (1.1) | 1.8 (1.1) | 1.8 (1.1) | 4.0 | 1.8 (1.1) | 1.8 (1.1) | 3.1 | 0.73 |
| Neurologic SOFA (1 to 5) | 2.2 (1.5) | 2.2 (1.5) | 2.3 (1.5) | 6.8 | 2.2 (1.5) | 2.2 (1.5) | 0.4 | 0.96 |
| Coagulation SOFA (1 to 5) | 3.2 (1.6) | 3.0 (1.6) | 3.3 (1.6) | 17.3 | 3.2 (1.6) | 3.1 (1.6) | 2.1 | 0.81 |
| Body weight, kg | 82.0 (21.9) | 81.1 (21.9) | 83.0 (21.9) | 8.8 | 83.0 (23.5) | 82.3 (21.9) | 3.3 | 0.73 |
| Laboratory values | ||||||||
| Serum creatinine, µmol/L | 286.6 (126.9) | 273.7 (122.5) | 299.3 (130.0) | 20.3 | 287.5 (129.1) | 290.2 (124.0) | 2.1 | 0.82 |
| Serum urea, mmol/L | 19.8 (9.1) | 19.4 (9.0) | 20.3 (9.2) | 10.1 | 19.8 (9.0) | 20.0 (9.0) | 1.5 | 0.87 |
| Serum potassium, mmol/L | 4.38 (0.77) | 4.41 (0.78) | 4.35 (0.76) | 8.3 | 4.38 (0.77) | 4.38 (0.79) | 0.5 | 0.96 |
| Arterial blood pH | 7.30 (0.10) | 7.30 (0.10) | 7.30 (0.09) | 4.3 | 7.30 (0.10) | 7.30 (0.10) | 1.3 | 0.89 |
Data are mean (SD) or n (%). SMD standardized mean difference, expressed as a percentage; SOFA score Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score
*The serum creatinine concentration before ICU admission was either determined with the use of values measured in the 12 months preceding the ICU stay or was estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group formula