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. 2022 Mar 22;12:832765. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.832765

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Copyright © 2022 Miao, Zhang, Huang, Zhang, Wang, Tang, Teng and Li

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Some conjectures on the construction of “dual-signaling CARs” combined with “AND gate CARs”. (A) a-CAR of dual-signaling CARs binds to the corresponding tumor antigen (a), which can induce the expression of c-CAR. After c-CAR binds to tumor antigen (c), the CAR-T cell will be activated. (B) b-CAR of dual-signaling CARs binds to the corresponding tumor antigen (b), which can induce the expression of c-CAR. After c-CAR binds to tumor antigen (c), the CAR-T cell will be activated. (C) The expression of c-CAR can be induced by the combination of a-CAR and b-CAR with corresponding tumor antigens. After c-CAR binds to tumor antigen (c), the CAR-T cell will be activated. (D) The combination of a-CAR with corresponding tumor antigen (a) can induce the expression of b-CAR and c-CAR. As long as one of b-CAR and c-CAR binds to the corresponding tumor antigen, the CAR-T cell will be activated.