Table 2.
Baseline characteristics according to allocated group (Unvaccinated or revaccinated with BCG).
| Variables | All (n = 131) | Unvaccinated (n = 67) | Revaccinated with BCG (n = 64) | P -value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 43.0 (11.2) | 44.2 (11.3) | 41.8 (11.0) | 0.23* |
| Age distribution (years), n (%) | ||||
| 18-59 | 119 (90.8) | 60 (89.6) | 59 (92.2) | 0.60† |
| ≥ 60 | 12 (9.2) | 7 (10.4) | 5 (7.8) | |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Female | 100 (76.3) | 56 (83.6) | 44 (68.8) | 0.07† |
| Male | 31 (23.7) | 11 (16.4) | 20 (31.3) | |
| Economic class, n (%)|| | ||||
| A or B | 37 (28.2) | 20 (29.9) | 17 (27.0) | 0.79† |
| C | 62 (47.7) | 30 (44.8) | 32 (50.8) | |
| D or E | 31 (23.8) | 17 (25.4) | 14 (22.2) | |
| Number of contacts with suspected COVID-19 patients, median (IQR) | 20.0 (8.0-50.0) | 20.0 (7.5-50.0) | 17.5 (8.0-40.0) | 0.78§ |
| BMI (Kg/m2), mean (SD) | 27.0 (5.0) | 27.3 (4.9) | 26.7 (5.0) | 0.49* |
| Obesity, n (%) | 31 (23.7) | 18 (26.9) | 13 (20.3) | 0.50† |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | 25 (19.1) | 14 (20.9) | 11 (17.2) | 0.75† |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 19 (14.5) | 10 (14.9) | 9 (14.1) | 1.00† |
| Diabetes | 4 (3.1) | 4 (2.0) | 0 | 0.12‡ |
| Cardiac insufficiency | 4 (3.1) | 2 (3.0) | 2 (3.1) | 1.00‡ |
| Renal insufficiency | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 3 (2.3) | 1 (1.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0.61‡ |
| Alcohol addiction, n (%) | 8 (6.1) | 3 (4.5) | 5 (7.8) | 0.49‡ |
| BCG vaccine scar*, n (%) | 113 (86.3) | 57 (85.1) | 56 (87.5) | 0.88† |
| Medication use, n (%) | ||||
| Antihypertensive | 19 (14.5) | 11 (16.4) | 8 (12.5) | 0.70† |
| Antiarrhythmic | 4 (3.1) | 2 (3.0) | 2 (3.1) | 1.00‡ |
| Insulin | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.5) | 0 | 1.00‡ |
| Antibiotic | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| Anticoagulant | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| Vitamin supplement | 43 (32.8) | 24 (35.8) | 19 (29.7) | 0.58† |
| Ivermectin | 4 (3.1) | 2 (3.0) | 2 (3.1) | 1.00‡ |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| Hematological parameters | ||||
| Red cells (tera/L), median (IQR) | 4.7 (4.4-5.0) | 4.7 (4.4-5.0) | 4.8 (4.4-5.1) | 0.46§ |
| Hematocrit (%), median (IQR) | 42.7 (41.9-45.6) | 42.6 (40.8-45.6) | 43.1 (41.3-45.2) | 0.46§ |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL), mean (SD) | 14.1 (1.5) | 14.1 (1.4) | 14.2 (1.5) | 0.58* |
| MCV (IL), median (IQR) | 91.2 (88.6-93.6) | 91.4 (88.9-94.6) | 91.4 (88.6-93.1) | 0.50§ |
| MCH, median (IQR) | 29.7 (28.7-30.8) | 29.7 (28.8-31.0) | 29.6 (28.4-30.5) | 0.58§ |
| CHCM (g/dL), mean (SD) | 32.6 (0.9) | 32.6 (1.0) | 32.6 (0.9) | 0.83* |
| RDW (%), median (IQR) | 12.2 (11.8-12.7) | 12.2 (11.8-12.7) | 12.3 (11.9-12.8) | 0.50§ |
| WBC (x109/L), mean (SD) | 6.1 (1.5) | 6.0 (1.4) | 6.2 (1.7) | 0.51* |
| Neutrophils (x109/L), median (IQR) | 3.2 (2.6-4.0) | 3.3 (2.7-3.9) | 3.2 (2.5-4.2) | 1.00§ |
| Lymphocytes (x109/L), mean (SD) | 2.2 (0.7) | 2.2 (0.6) | 2.3 (0.8) | 0.25* |
| Monocytes (x109/L), median (IQR) | 0.3 (0.2-0.4) | 0.3 (0.2-0.4) | 0.3 (0.2-0.4) | 0.38§ |
| Platelets (x109/L), median (IQR) | 245.0 (209.5-283.0) | 250.0 (215.5-286.5) | 244.0 (204.0-280.5) | 0.64§ |
SD, standard deviation; BCG, Bacilli de Calmette and Guérin; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; CHCM, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; N/A, not applicable; RDW, red cell distribution width; WBC, white blood cells; *Student’s t-test for independent samples; †Pearson’s chi-squared test with Yate’ continuity correction; ‡Fisher’s exact test; §Mann-Whitney U test with continuity correction; ||Missing data=1. *The BCG vaccine scar was verified at the time of inclusion of the HCW in the study.