TABLE 3.
Creatinine clearance, Urinary glucose, sodium, lithium, water, and uric acid excretion measured at baseline and after 1 month of empagliflozin 10 mg.
| Placebo (n = 13) | Empagliflozin 10 mg (n = 26) | Plac vs. empa | |||||||
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| 24 h urine collection | Baseline | 1 month | Delta | P-value | Baseline | 1 month | Delta | P-value | P-value |
| Creatinine clearance (ml/min) | |||||||||
| Day | 141 ± 35 | 163 ± 56 | +22 ± 59 | 0.2 | 150 ± 59 | 140 ± 49 | −11 ± 54 | 0.3 | 0.09 |
| Night | 167 ± 91 | 154 ± 67 | −13 ± 116 | 0.6 | 171 ± 99 | 170 ± 99 | −1.0 ± 109 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| 24 h glucose excretion (mmoles) | |||||||||
| Day | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | +0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 196 ± 76 | +196 ± 76 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Night | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | −0.01 ± 0.09 | 0.6 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 85 ± 37 | +85 ± 37 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Urinary Na excretion (mmoles) 24 h | 182 ± 63 | 229 ± 122 | +46 ± 119 | 0.2 | 203 ± 93 | 188 ± 81 | −15 ± 105 | 0.5 | 0.05 |
| Day | 134 ± 52 | 168 ± 33 | +34 ± 105 | 0.3 | 133 ± 59 | 129 ± 12 | −4 ± 77 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| Night | 49 ± 25 | 61 ± 40 | +13 ± 39 | 0.3 | 70 ± 58 | 59 ± 39 | −11 ± 39 | 0.2 | 0.09 |
| FE sodium (%) 24 h | 0.66 ± 0.21 | 0.66 ± 0.14 | 0.005 ± 0.26 | 0.9 | 0.70 ± 0.25 | 0.66 ± 0.16 | −0.04 ± 0.26 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| Day | 0.71 ± 0.24 | 0.66 ± 0.16 | −0.05 ± 0.26 | 0.5 | 0.72 ± 0.28 | 0.70 ± 0.22 | −0.02 ± 0.30 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
| Night | 0.47 ± 0.18 | 0.60 ± 0.26 | +0.13 ± 0.29 | 0.1 | 0.61 ± 0.31 | 0.52 ± 0.25 | −0.08 ± 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| FE lithium (%) 24 h | 13.6 ± 7.0 | 11.3 ± 5.3 | −2.2 ± 7.9 | 0.3 | 12.9 ± 5.1 | 15.0 ± 7.0 | +2.1 ± 7.2 | 0.08 | 0.049 |
| Day | 13.4 ± 6.9 | 11.0 ± 5.6 | −2.3 ± 8.2 | 0.3 | 13.2 ± 5.3 | 15.3 ± 7.8 | +2.1 ± 8.4 | 0.2 | 0.06 |
| Night | 13.2 ± 7.8 | 11.8 ± 5.6 | −1.4 ± 8.2 | 0.5 | 12.0 ± 4.9 | 13.7 ± 6.2 | +1.6 ± 6.7 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| FE urate (%) 24 h | 7.6 ± 3.2 | 6.6 ± 2.1 | −1.1 ± 2.3 | 0.1 | 6.6 ± 2.2 | 10.0 ± 2.5 | +3.3 ± 1.9 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Day | 7.9 ± 3.4 | 7.0 ± 2.3 | −0.8 ± 2.2 | 0.2 | 7.2 ± 2.4 | 10.4 ± 2.6 | +3.2 ± 2.1 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Night | 7.1 ± 3.2 | 5.8 ± 2.1 | −1.2 ± 2.9 | 0.2 | 5.7 ± 1.9 | 9.3 ± 2.7 | +3.6 ± 1.9 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Free water clearance (ml/min) 24 h | −0.93 ± 0.67 | −0.46 ± 0.89 | +0.47 ± 0.75 | 0.04 | −1.0 ± 0.75 | −1.13 ± 0.92 | −0.1 ± 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.02 |
| Day | 0.84 ± 0.65 | −0.52 ± 1.1 | +0.31 ± 1.0 | 0.3 | −0.97 ± 1.0 | −1.2 ± 0.98 | −0.27 ± 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.06 |
| Night | −1.2 ± 1.0 | −0.6 ± 0.8 | +0.5 ± 1.0 | 0.07 | −1.2 ± 1.2 | −1.5 ± 1.5 | −0.3 ± 1.2 | 0.2 | 0.02 |
FE, fractional excretion; Plac, placebo; and empa, empagliflozin.