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Molecular mechanism of PBNPs rescued IVDD in rats. A) Colocalization of SOD1 with ATP5H and Ubiquitin in sham group, puncture group, puncture with PBNPs (2 µg) injection group, puncture with PBNPs (0.2 µg) injection group via IHF. B) Statistical chart shows IOD/area of red and green fluorescence. The data were presented using mean ± S.D. ** indicates p < 0.01, **** indicates p < 0.0001. The experiments above were repeated five times.
