Table 2.
Neurological outcomes of drowning patients without cardiac arrest (n=97).
| Neurological outcome good (n=90) | Neurological outcome poor (n=7) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 51.8 (19.8) | 64.0 (18.7) | .119 |
| Male | 53 (58.9) | 6 (85.7) | .318 |
| Wastewater drowning | 19 (21.1) | 5 (71.4) | .023 |
| Duration of drowning (min) | 5 (0.33, 240) | 5 (1, 17) | .06 |
| Coma after drowning | 44 (48.9) | 2 (28.6) | .52 |
| Initial BP | |||
| Systolic pressure (mmHg) | 129.2 (25.6) | 125.1 (33.8) | .698 |
| Diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 74.8 (12.6) | 67.7 (16.6) | .192 |
| Initial heart rate (per min) | 90.1 (20.6) | 110.6 (29.7) | .016 |
| Initial respiratory rate (per min) | 23.0 (5.9) | 28.1 (13.0) | .114 |
| Initial 96 h highest temperature | 37.2 (3.2) | 38.8 (1.1) | .014 |
| Initial 96 h lowest temperature | 36.6 (0.7) | 37.2 (0.6) | .2 |
| Initial SaO2 (%) | 91.5 (8.3) | 92.0 (7.8) | .893 |
| Initial pH | 7.4 (0.1) | 7.3 (1.4) | .547 |
| Initial glucose (mmol/L) | 8.6 (3.9) | 7.0 (1.4) | .303 |
| Initial serum creatinine (mmol/L) | 68.8 (25.5) | 83.7 (43.5) | .421 |
| Initial lactic acid (mmol/L) | 3.1 (0.7, 8.3) | 6 (5.9, 12) | .007 |
| Pneumonia | 84 (93.3) | 7 (100) | .999 |
| ARDS | 23 (25.6) | 5 (71.4) | .032 |
| Endotracheal intubation | 23 (25.6) | 6 (85.7) | .003 |
| Duration of intubation (days and range) | 3 (1, 9) | 1 (0.5, 5) | .021 |
| Hypotension | 0 | 2 (28.6) | .005 |
| Vasoactive agents | 4 (4.4) | 5 (71.4) | <.001 |
| ICU admission | 19 (21.1) | 5 (71.4) | .023 |
Data are expressed as mean (standard deviation) or number (%) unless noted otherwise. SaO2: arterial oxygen saturation, ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome.