TABLE 3.
Functional microbial markers associated with gastric cancer risk in the meta-analyses
| Meta-analyses |
Asians (SWMHS) |
African Americans (SCCS) |
European Americans (SCCS) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Functional markers | Function | OR (95% CI)a | P a | OR (95% CI)b | P b | OR (95% CI)b | P b | OR (95% CI)b | P b |
| Selectedc gene families | |||||||||
| GO:0009010 | [MF] sorbitol-6-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase activity | 0.64 (0.50-0.82) | 3.75 × 10−4 | 0.62 (0.45-0.84) | 1.92 × 10−3 | 0.76 (0.46-1.27) | .30 | 0.56 (0.23-1.38) | .21 |
| GO:0006062 | [BP] sorbitol catabolic process | 0.64 (0.50-0.82) | 3.91 × 10−4 | 0.62 (0.46-0.84) | 1.95 × 10−3 | 0.75 (0.44-1.25) | .27 | 0.59 (0.25-1.42) | .24 |
| GO:0016774 | [MF] phosphotransferase activity, carboxyl group as acceptor | 0.73 (0.57-0.92) | 8.89 × 10−3 | 0.64 (0.46-0.88) | 7.00 × 10−3 | 0.75 (0.46-1.23) | .25 | 1.18 (0.65-2.14) | .59 |
| GO:0008679 | [MF] 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase activity | 0.74 (0.59-0.93) | 8.89 × 10−3 | 0.77 (0.59-1.01) | .06 | 0.60 (0.36-1.00) | .05 | 1.21 (0.59-2.50) | .60 |
| GO:0009605 | [BP] response to external stimulus | 0.75 (0.61-0.92) | 5.98 × 10−3 | 0.79 (0.61-1.02) | .07 | 0.76 (0.46-1.24) | .27 | 0.39 (0.16-0.96) | .04 |
| GO:0050082 | [MF] maltose phosphorylase activity | 1.27 (1.02-1.58) | .03 | 1.26 (0.96-1.65) | .10 | 0.97 (0.55-1.72) | .92 | 1.24 (0.67-2.29) | .50 |
| GO:0043234 | [CC] protein-containing complex | 1.26 (1.03-1.55) | .03 | 1.13 (0.89-1.44) | .32 | 1.76 (0.99-3.13) | .06 | 1.54 (0.80-2.97) | .20 |
| GO:0004185 | [MF] serine-type carboxypeptidase activity | 1.25 (1.01-1.56) | .04 | 1.27 (0.97-1.65) | .08 | 1.37 (0.81-2.33) | .24 | 1.20 (0.60-2.41) | .61 |
| GO:0015074 | [BP] DNA integration | 1.24 (1.01-1.51) | .04 | 1.26 (0.98-1.62) | .07 | 0.97 (0.57-1.65) | .92 | 1.19 (0.62-2.26) | .60 |
| GO:0015668 | [MF] type III site-specific deoxyribonuclease activity | 1.23 (1.01-1.50) | .04 | 1.17 (0.92-1.50) | .20 | 1.29 (0.80-2.07) | .30 | 1.21 (0.67-2.19) | .53 |
|
| |||||||||
| Metabolic pathways | |||||||||
| HEXITOLDEGSUPER-PWY | Superpathway of hexitol degradation | 0.71 (0.57-0.88) | 1.75 × 10−3 | 0.71 (0.55-0.92) | .01 | 0.76 (0.44-1.32) | .33 | 0.68 (0.33-1.38) | .28 |
| P461-PWY | Hexitol fermentation to lactate, formate, ethanol and acetate | 0.69 (0.55-0.87) | 1.53 × 10−3 | 0.68 (0.52-0.90) | 7.67 × 10−3 | 0.79 (0.48-1.29) | .34 | 0.55 (0.24-1.26) | .16 |
| POLYAMINSYN3-PWY | Superpathway of polyamine biosynthesis II | 0.80 (0.64-0.99) | .04 | 0.82 (0.62-1.08) | .16 | 0.97 (0.60-1.57) | .91 | 0.69 (0.35-1.37) | .28 |
| PWY-7013 | L-1,2-propanediol degradation | 0.77 (0.63-0.94) | .01 | 0.76 (0.59-0.98) | .04 | 0.86 (0.52-1.42) | .55 | 0.78 (0.41-1.48) | .44 |
| PWY-5690 | TCA cycle II | 1.29 (1.04-1.59) | .02 | 1.18 (0.91-1.52) | .22 | 1.20 (0.70-2.04) | .51 | 2.26 (0.99-5.15) | .05 |
| PWY-7254 | TCA cycle VII | 1.25 (1.01-1.54) | .04 | 1.14 (0.88-1.46) | .32 | 1.05 (0.60-1.83) | .87 | 2.02 (0.97-4.21) | .06 |
Abbreviations: BP, biological process; CC, cellular component; CI, confidence interval; MF, molecular function; OR, odds ratio; TCA, tricarboxylic acid.
ORs and 95% CIs per SD increase in arcsine squared root (asr) transformed relative abundance of functional markers and P values were derived from met a-analyses.
ORs and 95% CIs per SD increase in asr-transformed relative abundance of functional markers and P values were calculated from conditional logistic regression models, additionally adjusting for age, education, pack-years of smoking, drinking status, hypertension status and T2D status.
Selected from 38 gene families that showed an association with gastric cancer risk at P < .05 in the combined data of SWMHS and SCCS. Ten gene families, five with lowest ORs and five with highest ORs are presented. The full list including all these 38 gene families are presented in Supporting Information Table 8.