Table 4.
Factors Predicting Super Responders According to the Logistic Regression Analysis
| Super-Responders (n = 9) | Odds Ratio (95% CI) (Univariate) | p value | Odds Ratio (95% CI) (Multivariate) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (male), n (%) | 1 (11) | 0.58 (0.05–6.6) | 0.66 | – | – |
| Age (≥ 65 year-old), n (%) | 0 (0) | – | 0.97 | – | – |
| Duration of disease >20 (years), n (%) | 2 (22) | 0.52 (0.08–3.4) | 0.50 | – | – |
| BMI (≥ 25) (kg/m2), n (%) | 0 (0) | – | 0.97 | – | – |
| Smoking status (never), n (%) | 7 (78) | 1.46 (0.22–9.6) | 0.70 | – | – |
| Data prior to previous any biologics | |||||
| –pre-bio BEC† (≥ 150) (/µL), n (%) | 9 (100) | – | 0.97 | – | – |
| –pre-bio BEC† (≥ 300) (/µL), n (%) | 8 (89) | 11.4 (1.2–113) | 0.037 | 10.4 (1.02–106)§ | 0.048§ |
| –pre-bio serum IgE level† (≥ 167) (IU/mL), n (%) | 4 (44) | 0.62 (0.12–3.2) | 0.57 | – | – |
| –pre-bio FeNO† (≥ 25) (ppb), n (%) | 6 (67) | 1.75 (0.31–9.8) | 0.52 | – | – |
| Data prior to dupilumab administration | |||||
| –pre-DUP BEC‡ (≥ 150) (/µL), n (%) | 6 (67) | 9.3 (1.4–60.2) | 0.019 | 9.8 (1.2–78.7) | 0.031 |
| –pre-DUP BEC‡ (≥ 300) (/µL), n (%) | 4 (44) | 12.8 (1.1–143) | 0.038 | – | – |
| –pre-DUP serum IgE level‡ (≥ 167) (IU/mL), n (%) | 4 (44) | 1.76 (0.33–9.5) | 0.51 | – | – |
| –pre-DUP FeNO‡ (≥ 25) (ppb), n (%) | 7 (78) | 3.9 (0.63–24.7) | 0.14 | 3.7 (0.47–29.4) | 0.22 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| –with AERD, n (%) | 5 (19) | 3.0 (0.56–16.1) | 0.19 | 2.4 (0.38–15.8)§ 3.2 (0.40–26.1) | 0.35§ 0.27 |
| –with atopic dermatitis, n (%) | 1 (4) | 0.30 (0.03–3.1) | 0.31 | – | – |
| –with ECRS, n (%) | 9 (35) | – | 0.97 | – | – |
| –with GERD, n (%) | 2 (8) | 0.32 (0.05–2.0) | 0.23 | – | – |
Notes: We performed two patterns of multivariate logistic analysis: analyzed using biomarker prior to treatment of any biologics, and dupilumab. “Super responder” is defined more than two of the following criteria: as exacerbation-free, discontinuation of maintenance of oral corticosteroids, and improvement of the ACT score with three or greater points or ACT >19 after administration of dupilumab. †Pre-bio: The data were shown as those before the administration of any biologics. ‡Pre-DUP: The data were shown as those before the administration of dupilumab. §Multivariate logistic analysis for pre-bio data, multivariate logistic analysis for pre dupilumab data.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ACT, Asthma Control Test; BMI, body mass index; BEC, blood eosinophil counts; FeNO, fractional exhaled nitric oxide; AERD, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease; ECRS, eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis; GERD, gastro-esophageal reflux disease.