Table 2. Oxidative stress markers in study subjects.

Characteristic of study subjects	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	p
	eGFR > 89 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 121)	eGFR 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 74)	eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 32)
	Mean ± SE
H2O2 (μmol/mg creatinine)	89.99 ± 27.12	45.73 ± 11.66	32.83 ± 4.09	0.003 a *
8-iso-PGF2α (pg/mg creatinine)	13,342.32 ± 2,346.87	47,356.27 ± 31,982.64	13,172.56 ± 3,335.76	0.883a
OxLDL/β2GPI complex (units/mL)	0.48 ± 0.03	0.54 ± 0.05	0.63 ± 0.08	0.121a

Abbreviations: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; 8-iso-PGF2α, 8-isoprostaglandin F2α; oxLDL/β₂GPI complex, oxidized low-density lipoprotein/beta-2-glycoprotein-I.

Data were expressed in n (%), mean ± SEM.

Notes: p = significance (*p < 0.05 is considered statistically significant); SEM = standard error mean; a = Kruskal–Wallis H tests.