Table 3. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression modeling of individual- and community-level factors associated with no ASF consumption among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia, based on pooled data from Ethiopia DHS 2016 & 2019 (n = 4,423).
| Individual-and community-level characteristics | COR [95% CI) | Full model: AOR [95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Age of child (in months) | ||
| 6–8 | 3.1 (2.36,4) | 3.1 (2.4, 4.1) |
| 9–11 | 1.46 (1.15,1.87) | 1.54 (1.2,1.97) |
| 12–17 | 1.23 (1.02,1.5) | |
| 18–23 | 1.25 (1.03,1.51) 1 | 1 |
| 4+ ANC visit | ||
| No | 1.98 (1.67, 2.33) | 1.22 (1.01,1.5) |
| Yes | 1 | 1 |
| Place of delivery | ||
| Health facility | 1 | 1 |
| Home | 2.5 (2.1, 2.96) | 1.8 (1.4,2.3) |
| Household wealth index | ||
| Poorest | 5.04 (3.93,6.46) | 2.43 (1.7, 3.5) |
| Poorer | 2.43 (1.88,3.14) | 1.7 (1.22, 2.37) |
| Middle | 2.1 (1.61,2.71) | 1.44 (1.03,2.0) |
| Richer | 1.79 (1.37,2.33) | 1.37 (1.01, 1.87) |
| Richest | 1 | 1 |
| Maternal education level | ||
| Primary & below | 3.3 (2.67, 4.06) | 1.9 (1.48, 2.45) |
| Secondary+ | 1 | 1 |
| Accesses to all three media at least once a week | ||
| No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.19 (0.08,0.43) | 0.28 (0.12, 0.65) |
| Place of residence | ||
| Urban | 1 | 1 |
| Rural | 2.75 (2.24,3.37) | 2.2 (1.7,2.8) |
| Community poverty level | ||
| Low | 1 | 1 |
| Moderate | 1.6 (1.2, 2.03) | 1.3 (1.01,1.69) |
| High | 2.27 (1.8, 2.9) | 1.53 (1.2, 1.95) |
| Community-level education | ||
| Low | 1 | 1 |
| High | 2.4 (1.8, 3.4) | 1.1(0.8,1.5) |
| Birth with any multiple high-risk fertility behaviors category | ||
| Double risk, birth order 4+ & age 34+ | ||
| No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.45(1.08,1.94) | 1.4 (1.02,1.83) |
| Double risk, spacing <24, order 4+ | ||
| No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 2.5 (1.7,3.7) | 1.93 (1.3, 2.9) |
| Births with any multiple risk category | ||
| No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.8 (1.4, 2.2) | 1.4 (1.02,1.83) |
| Region | ||
| Tigray | 1 | 1 |
| Afar | 8.5 (4.98,14.38) | 8.2 (4.8,13.9) |
| Amhara | 3.7 (2.4,5.6) | 3.3 (2.2,5.0) |
| Oromia | 1.23 (0.87,1.74) | 1.1 (0.8,1.5) |
| Somali | 5.74 (3.66,9.0) | 5.4 (3.4,8.5) |
| Benishangul | 1.6 (1.05,2.32) | 1.4 (0.9,2.0) |
| SNNPR | 1.79 (1.24,2.56) | 1.6 (1.1,2.3) |
| Gambela | 1.11 (0.74,1.66) | 1.2 (0.8,1.8) |
| Harari | 0.74 (0.5,1.1) | 0.9 (0.6,1.3) |
| Addis Ababa | 0.59 (0.4, 0.9) | 1.2 (0.8,1.8) |
| Dire Dawa | 1.34 (0.87,2.05) | 1.8 (1.14,2.70) |