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. 2022 Mar 28;18:101077. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101077

Table 1.

Characteristics of the 15 studies included in the systematic review.

Characteristics No. References
Publication year 2012–2014 2 (Duveskog & Sutinen, 2013; Hussain & Sanders, 2012)
2015–2017 3 (Nu & Bersamin, 2017; Payton, 2016; Robinson & Notara, 2015)
2018–2020 10 (Christie et al., 2019; Davis et al., 2020; Gaspar et al., 2019; Gilbert et al., 2020; Lee et al., 2020; Marent et al., 2018; Ospina-Pinillos et al., 2019, 2020; Patchen et al., 2020; Wright et al., 2019)
Country New Zealand 1 Christie et al. (2019)
Australia 5 (Davis et al., 2020; Gilbert et al., 2020; Ospina-Pinillos et al., 2019; Robinson & Notara, 2015; Wright et al., 2019)
Belgium 1 Marent et al. (2018)
Cambodia 1 Hussain and Sanders (2012)
Canada 1 Gaspar et al. (2019)
Colombia 1 Ospina-Pinillos et al. (2020)
Croatia 1 Marent et al. (2018)
England 2 (Lee et al., 2020; Marent et al., 2018)
Mozambique 1 Duveskog and Sutinen (2013)
Portugal 1 Marent et al. (2018)
Spain 1 Marent et al. (2018)
Tanzania 1 Duveskog and Sutinen (2013)
United States 3 (Nu & Bersamin, 2017; Patchen et al., 2020; Payton, 2016)
Study timeframe <12 months 3 (Duveskog & Sutinen, 2013; Gilbert et al., 2020; Marent et al., 2018)
12–24 months 1 Payton (2016)
>24 months 2 (Ospina-Pinillos et al., 2020; Wright et al., 2019)
Not reported 9 (Christie et al., 2019; Davis et al., 2020; Gaspar et al., 2019; Hussain & Sanders, 2012; Lee et al., 2020; Nu & Bersamin, 2017; Ospina-Pinillos et al., 2019; Patchen et al., 2020; Robinson & Notara, 2015)
Study participant numbers <50 7 (Davis et al., 2020; Gaspar et al., 2019; Gilbert et al., 2020; Hussain & Sanders, 2012; Ospina-Pinillos et al., 2019, 2020; Payton, 2016)
50–99 2 (Patchen et al., 2020; Robinson & Notara, 2015)
100–300 3 (Duveskog & Sutinen, 2013; Lee et al., 2020; Marent et al., 2018)
Not reported 3 (Christie et al., 2019; Nu & Bersamin, 2017; Wright et al., 2019)
Ethnicity/“Race” Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander 3 (Gilbert et al., 2020; Robinson & Notara, 2015; Wright et al., 2019)
African 1 Duveskog and Sutinen (2013)
African American 2 (Patchen et al., 2020; Payton, 2016)
Alaska Native 1 Nu and Bersamin (2017)
Black African 1 Lee et al. (2020)
Black Caribbean 1 Lee et al. (2020)
European 1 Ospina-Pinillos et al. (2019)
First Nations 1 Gaspar et al. (2019)
Latin American 3 (Lee et al., 2020; Ospina-Pinillos et al., 2019, 2020)
Māori 1 Christie et al. (2019)
New Zealand European 1 Christie et al. (2019)
“non-Indigenous” 1 Gilbert et al. (2020)
“Other non-white” 1 Lee et al. (2020)
Pacific peoples 1 Christie et al. (2019)
White 1 Marent et al. (2018)
Not reported 1 Davis et al. (2020)
Age Children (<12 years) 3 (Gaspar et al., 2019; Hussain & Sanders, 2012; Robinson & Notara, 2015)
Adolescents (12–18 years) 8 (Christie et al., 2019; Davis et al., 2020; Duveskog & Sutinen, 2013; Gaspar et al., 2019; Gilbert et al., 2020; Hussain & Sanders, 2012; Ospina-Pinillos et al., 2019; Patchen et al., 2020)
Young adults (19–24 years) 10 (Davis et al., 2020; Duveskog & Sutinen, 2013; Gilbert et al., 2020; Hussain & Sanders, 2012; Lee et al., 2020; Marent et al., 2018; Ospina-Pinillos et al., 2019, 2020; Patchen et al., 2020; Payton, 2016)
Adults (>24 years) 7 (Hussain & Sanders, 2012; Lee et al., 2020; Marent et al., 2018; Nu & Bersamin, 2017; Ospina-Pinillos et al., 2019, 2020; Robinson & Notara, 2015; Wright et al., 2019)