Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of TB Patients, USAPI, Hawaii, and the Rest of the USA, 2010–2017.
| USAPI (n = 3422) |
Hawaii (n = 968) |
United States (n = 77,895) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) |
| Age groups (years) | ||||||
| 0-4 | 346 | (10) | 15 | (1) | 2221 | (3) |
| 5-14 | 408 | (12) | 19 | (2) | 1649 | (2) |
| 15-24 | 556 | (16) | 104 | (11) | 7807 | (10) |
| 25-44 | 926 | (27) | 204 | (21) | 24,262 | (31) |
| 45-64 | 904 | (26) | 310 | (32) | 24,233 | (31) |
| ≥65 | 280 | (8) | 316 | (33) | 17,708 | (23) |
| Unknown/missing | 2 | (1) | 0 | (0) | 15 | (0) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1847 | (54) | 552 | (57) | 47,579 | (61) |
| Female | 1572 | (46) | 416 | (43) | 30,300 | (39) |
| Unknown/missing | 3 | (<1) | 0 | (0) | 16 | (<1) |
| Sputum acid-fast bacilli smear results | ||||||
| Positive | 1200 | (35) | 360 | (37) | 28,688 | (37) |
| Negative | 1756 | (51) | 529 | (55) | 36,170 | (46) |
| Not performed | 457 | (13) | 79 | (8) | 12,972 | (16) |
| Unknown/missing | 9 | (1) | 0 | (0) | 65 | (1) |
| Sputum-culture results | ||||||
| Positive | 1430 | (42) | 560 | (58) | 42,685 | (55) |
| Negative | 1259 | (37) | 329 | (34) | 21,381 | (27) |
| Not performed | 666 | (20) | 79 | (8) | 13,420 | (17) |
| Unknown/missing | 67 | (1) | 0 | (0) | 409 | (1) |
| Culture results from other sources a | ||||||
| Positive | 88 | (3) | 266 | (28) | 28,307 | (36) |
| Negative | 77 | (2) | 81 | (8) | 8158 | (10) |
| Not performed because sputum was collected | 3191 | (94) | 620 | (64) | 41,092 | (53) |
| Unknown/missing | 66 | (2) | 1 | (<1) | 338 | (1) |
| Verification criteria for TB diagnosis b | ||||||
| Culture | 1488 | (43) | 715 | (74) | 60,083 | (77) |
| Nucleic acid amplification test | 71 | (2) | 16 | (1) | 1228 | (1) |
| Smear | 30 | (1) | 5 | (1) | 377 | (1) |
| Clinical | 1020 | (30) | 198 | (20) | 12,149 | (16) |
| Provider | 813 | (24) | 34 | (4) | 4058 | (5) |
| Disease site | ||||||
| Pulmonary only | 2755 | (80) | 730 | (75) | 53,918 | (69) |
| Extrapulmonary only | 505 | (15) | 129 | (13) | 16,153 | (21) |
| Pulmonary with extrapulmonary involvement | 160 | (5) | 109 | (11) | 7765 | (10) |
| Unknown/missing | 2 | (<1) | 0 | (0) | 59 | (<1) |
| Chest radiograph results | ||||||
| Abnormal | 3103 | (91) | 880 | (91) | 61,511 | (79) |
| Normal | 180 | (5) | 73 | (8) | 12,905 | (17) |
| Not performed | 89 | (3) | 15 | (1) | 3143 | (3) |
| Unknown/missing | 50 | (1) | 0 | (0) | 336 | (1) |
| Provider type | ||||||
| Public health department | 2692 | (79) | 735 | (76) | 46,035 | (59) |
| Private provider/other | 37 | (1) | 132 | (14) | 16,811 | (22) |
| Both | 2 | (<1) | 52 | (5) | 7441 | (10) |
| Unknown/missing | 691 | (21) | 49 | (5) | 7608 | (10) |
Abbreviations: TB, tuberculosis; USAPI, US-Affiliated Pacific Islands.
a
Most common sources cultured other than sputum are gastric aspirates, tissue samples, and cerebrospinal fluid.
b
Verification criteria are hierarchical surveillance criteria that include diagnosis of TB by laboratory confirmation, clinical criteria, or provider diagnosis (see text).