Table 3.

General characteristics of study participants across tertile categories of BCAAs.

	BCAAs		P†	Valine		P†	Leucine		P†	Isoleucine		P†
	T1 (n = 105)	T3 (n = 96)		T1 (n = 106)	T3 (n = 95)		T1 (n = 105)	T3 (n = 96)		T1 (n = 105)	T3 (n = 97)
Age (year)	67.04 ± 7.76	65.42 ± 7.64	0.08	66.75 ± 7.76	66.55 ± 7.72	0.08	66.77 ± 7.63	65.21 ± 7.64	0.01	67.38 ± 8.02	65.36 ± 7.79	0.08
BMI (kg/m2)	27.55 ± 3.89	27.40 ± 4.33	0.81	27.65 ± 4.30	27.65 ± 4.32	0.28	27.49 ± 3.87	27.55 ± 4.72	0.72	27.43 ± 3.86	27.64 ± 4.82	0.62
Physical activity (MET-h/w)	17.95 ± 17.05	25.26 ± 25.45	0.09	118.21 ± 17.01	24.80 ± 24.13	0.14	18.15 ± 67.86	25.60 ± 25.38	0.08	17.61 ± 17.11	26.20 ± 25.71	0.03
Female (%)	53.3	44.8	0.33	53.8	48.4	0.74	53.3	44.8	0.33	54.3	46.4	0.51
Alcohol use (%)	11.4	17.7	0.31	11.3	15.8	0.64	11.4	17.7	0.31	10.5	16.5	0.45
Smoking (%)	13.3	14.6	0.62	12.3	11.6	0.85	13.3	14.6	0.62	12.4	12.4	0.97
Medical history
Diabetes (%)	40.3	30.6	0.59	38.7	27.4	0.69	41.9	30.6	0.39	43.5	29	0.27
MI (%)	33.3	25	0.45	30.6	27.8	0.49	30.6	25	0.28	30.6	27.8	0.47
CVA (%)	50	25	0.66	50	12.5	0.47	50	25	0.66	62.5	25	0.23
Asthma (%)	33.3	33.3	0.99	16.7	50	0.53	33.3	33.3	0.99	33.3	50	0.58
Arthritis (%)	20	60	0.40	20	40	0.76	20	60	0.40	20	60	0.41
Drug history
Sexual hormone use (%)	1.9	3.1	0.66	1.9	3.2	0.66	1.9	3.1	0.66	1.9	3.1	0.66
Statin use (%)	40	31.3	0.39	39.6	32.6	0.58	39	31.3	0.40	40	32	0.47
Corticosteroid use (%)	2.9	4.2	0.38	2.8	4.2	0.38	2.9	4.2	0.38	2.9	4.1	0.40

All values are mean ± SD, unless indicated; ^†ANOVA for continuous variables and Chi-squared test for categorical variables.

BCAAs branched-chain amino acids, BMI Body mass index.