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. 2022 Mar 23;10:820217. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.820217

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Copyright © 2022 Spanu, Mascia, Baldazzi, Fenech-Salerno, Torrisi, Viola, Bonfiglio, Cosseddu and Pani.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Structure of the breathable tattoo electrode after its placing on a piece of paper so that it could be easily transferred to the skin. (B) Micrograph of a breathable electrode on paper. The pores are clearly visible. (C) Positioning on the skin. The electrode was placed face down on the skin and the paper was removed using a few droplets of deionized water and sliding it away. The electrode contact was placed on a metalized magnet connected to a clip contact (Cinset). A second magnet was placed on top of the first to improve the contact between the film and the first magnet. (D) A breathable nano-electrode after its lamination on the skin. (Dinset) Micrograph of the electrode on the skin. Thanks to the sub-micrometer thickness, a conformal interface can be obtained; it is also possible to spot the pores (red arrows).