TABLE 2.
Characteristics of infants born in the maternal–infant study in Kenya, June 2015 to May 2020, N = 2,550
| Characteristic | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1,300 | 51.0 |
| Female | 1,250 | 49.0 |
| Prematurity | ||
| <37 weeks | 396 | 15.5 |
| <32 weeks | 23 | 0.9 |
| <28 weeks | 4 | 0.2 |
| Birth weight, mean (SD) | 3,225.7 | (479.3) |
| Normal (z‐score > − 2.0) | 2,464 | 96.4 |
| Low (−3.0 < z‐score < −2.0) | 45 | 1.8 |
| Very low (z‐score < −3.0) | 40 | 1.6 |
| 5‐min apgar score, <7 | 32 | 1.3 |
| Respiratory distress syndrome | 31 | 1.2 |
| Small for gestational age | 22 | 0.9 |
| Perinatal jaundice | 3 | 0.1 |
| Ballard score, mean (SD) | 39.2 | (3.1) |
| Birth anomaly a | 235 | 9.2 |
| No. of infants by ARI episodes | 1,256 | 49.3 |
| 1 episode | 744 | 29.2 |
| 2 episodes | 330 | 12.9 |
| ≥3 episodes | 182 | 7.1 |
| Other co‐infections in infancy | ||
| HIV exposed | 496 | 19.5 |
| Malaria | 142 | 5.6 |
| TB (exposed) | 11 | 0.4 |
| Any hospitalization | 32 | 1.3 |
| Respiratory illness–related | 15 | 0.6 |
| Hospitalized and influenza positive | 0 | — |
| Infant death | 23 | 1.0 |
| <14 days | 20 | 87.0 |
| 14–27 days | 1 | 4.4 |
| 28 days to 12 weeks | 2 | 8.7 |
Abbreviations: ARI, acute respiratory illness; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; SD, standard deviation; TB, tuberculosis.
a
Most of the anomalies were minor including extra digits, diastasis recti, umbilical hernia, etc.