Table 4.
Sex differences in the number of children who exceeded the cut-off values of neurodevelopmental traits at age 9 in each latent class.
| Class 1 | Class 2 | Class 3 | Class 4 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (female: n = 79; | (female: n = 198; | (female: n = 112; | (female: n = 21; | ||
| male: n = 72) | male: n = 217) | male: n=131) | male: n = 10) | ||
| Autistic traits (SRS-2 total T-score ≥60 for male and ≥62 for female); n (%) | Female | 1 (1.3) | 19 (9.6) | 22 (19.6) | 11 (52.4) |
| Male | 2 (2.8) | 31 (14.3) | 41 (31.3) | 2 (20.0) | |
| Difference testing | χ2(1) = 0.44, q = 0.57, V = 0.05 | χ2(1) = 2.1, q = 0.28, V = 0.07 | χ2(1) = 4.3, q = 0.20, V = 0.13† | χ2(1) = 2.9, q = 0.21, V = −0.31‡ | |
| ADHD traits (ADHD-RS score >85th percentile); n (%) | Female | 3 (3.8) | 22 (11.1) | 20 (17.9) | 11 (52.4) |
| Male | 4 (5.6) | 39 (18.0) | 46 (35.1) | 8 (40.0) | |
| Difference testing | χ2(1) = 0.26, q = 0.66, V = 0.04 | χ2(1) = 3.9, q = 0.21, V = 0.10† | χ2(1) = 9.1, q = 0.04, V = 0.19† | χ2(1) = 0.42 q = 0.62, V = −0.12† | |
| Below-average IQ (WISC-IV full scale IQ <85); n (%) | Female | 1 (1.3) | 8 (4.1) | 11 (9.9) | 9 (42.9) |
| Male | 0 (0) | 18 (8.3) | 21 (16.0) | 5 (62.5) | |
| Difference testing | χ2(1) = 0.92, q = 0.46, V = −0.08 | χ2(1) = 3.15, q = 0.23, V = 0.09 | χ2(1) = 1.96, q = 0.32, V = 0.09 | χ2(1) = 0.90, q = 0.46, V = 0.18† |
†
Cramér's V ≥ 0.10 (weak association).
‡
Cramér's V ≥ 0.20 (moderate association).
SRS-2, the Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition; ADHD-RS, ADHD-Rating Scale; WISC-IV, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition Compared to the number of children assigned in the latent class growth analysis, there were attrition of 13% for females and 20% for males in Class 1, 17% for females and 14% for males in Class 2, 16% for females and 12% for males in Class 3, and 16% for females and 33% for males in Class 4.