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. 2022 Mar 23;13:826792. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.826792

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Copyright © 2022 Zhai, Liu, Tong, Yu, Yang, Gu and Niu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of EMPA on AMPK/SIRT1 and oxidative stress in cultured human podocytes. (A) Protein levels of SIRT1, AMPK, p-AMPK, Foxo1 and SOD2 in podocytes determined by Western blot analysis. (B) Densitometric evaluation of Western blots for SIRT1 (n = 3), (C) p-AMPK (n = 3), (D) Foxo1 (n = 3) and (E) SOD2 (n = 3). (F) Representative immunofluorescence images of SIRT1, p-AMPK, Foxo1 and SOD2 in podocytes. Scale bar: 100 μm. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by ANOVA with LSD post hoc test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.